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托福听力背景资料:希腊剧院The Greek Theater

2016-07-18 15:59:54来源：网络

　　本文是托福听力：TPO 44 The Greek Theater 相关背景资料。 What you need to know about the ancient Greek Theaters。希望对大家托福备考有所帮助。更多精彩尽请关注新东方在线托福网!

　　What you need to know about the ancient Greek Theaters

　　What was the physical structure of the theater?

　　Theatron: Literally meaning “seeing place” is where the spectator sat. The theatron would normally be wrapped around most of the orchestra.

　　Orchestra: Literally meaning “dancing space” is the core of the ancient Greek Theaters where the chorus would dance, sing, and interact with the actors that were on the skene. They were normally circular in shape.

　　Skene: Literally meaning “tent” was a building behind the stage. It was decorated accordingly to the play and would have one or two doors and an upper platform so that the actors could make entrances and exits through them. The actors would also have their mask and costumes here so they could perform quick changes out of the sight of the audience.

　　Parodos: Translating to “passageways” where paths on the sides of the theatron by which chorus and actor would make their entrances and exits. Also the parodos served as the entrances and exits of the audience before and after the play.

　　Costumes and Masks

　　The actors were normally so far away from the audience that the actors would have to wear exaggerated costumes and masks to make it easier to see to the audience. The costumes also help indicate the social status, gender, and age of the character.

　　The masks were made of linen and cork and were painted with the expression that the actor was trying to portray. Tragic mask consisted of mournful expressions. The shape of the mask also amplified the actor's voice and made it easier for the audience to hear the actors.

　　The Societal Factors that affected the Theater?

　　The back seats were the worst seats and the cheapest. These were the lower class seats. The wealthier people got the seats with the better view up front. Also women were not allowed in the theater at any time. The price to attend a play was about two obols, equal to that of what an unskilled worker might earn in a day's work. Athens established a fund that citizens could enroll to obtain money for a theater ticket. This is a good indicator that attending the theater was considered a civic duty.

　　Many of these theater are located in Athens, Greece. For example the Dionysus theater. Other great theaters are located in Peloponnesus, Delphi, and Pargamum.

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