科学美国人60秒:工作推荐信也要看性别-托福听力下载

　　科学美国人60秒中文翻译：

　　This is Scientific American — 60-Second Science. I'm Christopher Intagliata. 这里是科学美国人——60秒科学。我是克里斯托弗·因塔利亚塔。

　　As in many other fields, gender bias pervades the sciences. 和许多其他领域一样，科学界也存在性别歧视。

　　Men score higher starting salaries, have more mentoring, and have better odds of being hired. 男性起薪更高、能够得到更多的指导，同时被雇佣的几率也更高。

　　Studies show they're also perceived as more competent than women in STEM fields. 研究表明，男性被认为比女性更胜任STEM(科学、技术、工程、数学)领域的工作。

　　And new research reveals that men are more likely to receive excellent letters of recommendation, too. 而新研究发现，男性还更易获得优质的推荐信。

　　"Say, you know, this is the best student I've ever had." “比如，这是我带过的最优秀的学生。”

　　Kuheli Dutt, a social scientist and diversity officer at Columbia University's Lamont campus. 哥伦比亚大学拉蒙特校区社会学家、多元融合战略师Kuheli Dutt说优秀的推荐信一般会这样写。

　　Compare those excellent letters, she says, to a merely good letter: 而一封“还不错”的推荐信则会写：

　　"The candidate was productive, or intelligent, or a solid scientist or something that's clearly solid praise," “该申请人效率高、富有智慧，是个可靠的科学家等这样平实的称赞”，

　　but nothing that singles out the candidate as exceptional or one of a kind. 而这些根本不能使她从众多申请人中脱颖而出。

　　Dutt and her colleagues studied more than 1,200 letters of recommendation for postdoc positions in geoscience. Dutt和她的同事研究了地球科学专业1200多封博士学位的推荐信。

　　They were all redacted for gender and other identifying information, 这些推荐信隐去了性别和其他个人信息，

　　so Dutt and her team could assign them a score without knowing the sex of the student. 这样Dutt和她的团队可以在不知道学生性别的情况下为推荐信评测分数。

　　They found that female applicants were only half as likely to snag superlative letters, compared to their male counterparts. 他们发现，相比男性，女性申请者只有一半的可能性拿到绝佳的推荐信。

　　That includes letters of rec from all over the world, and written by, yes, men and women. 这些推荐信来自世界各地，当然，既有男性写的，也有女性写的。

　　The findings are in the journal Nature Geoscience. 该结果发表在《自然地球科学》期刊上。

　　Dutt says they were not able to evaluate the actual scientific qualifications of the applicants using the archival data. Dutt表示，他们不能仅通过档案数据就来评定申请人的实际科研资质。

　　But she says the results still suggest 然而调查结果还是表明：

　　women in geoscience are at a potential disadvantage from the very beginning of their careers— 在地球科学领域，女性申请者在职业生涯初期就处于潜在劣势，

　　starting with those less-than-outstanding letters of rec. 因为她们受到了这些较普通推荐信的影响。

　　"We're not trying to assign blame or criticize anyone or call anyone consciously sexist or something like that. “我们并不是批评或指责任何人，也不是称他们有性别歧视。

　　Rather, the point is to use the results of this study to open up meaningful dialogues on implicit gender bias, 而是我们希望利用这项研究结果对隐含的性别偏见展开有意义的对话，

　　be it at a departmental level or an institutional level or even a discipline level." 在部门级别或机构层面，甚至是学科水平进行探讨。”

　　Which may lead to some recommendations for the letter writers themselves. 这也许会为推荐人提供一些建议。

　　Thanks for listening for Scientific American — 60-Second Science Science. I'm Christopher Intagliata. 谢谢大家收听科学美国人——60秒科学。我是克里斯托弗·因塔利亚塔。

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