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科学美国人60秒:监督与节能-托福听力下载

2017-01-10 17:05:40来源：科学美国人60秒

点击查看>>科学美国人60秒音频：监督与节能

　　科学美国人60秒中英文翻译：监督与节能

　　科学美国人60秒英文文本

　　Using less energy saves money and lowers greenhouse gas emissions.

　　And various studies have looked at ways to get households to use less energy.

　　Now there's evidence that people in such a study use less energy…because they're in a study.

　　The general phenomenon is called the Hawthorne effect:

　　study subjects change their behavior because they're being observed.

　　So researchers collaborated with a utility to test for the Hawthorne effect in electricity use.

　　They monitored almost 5,600 randomly selected households.

　　节能.jpg

　　Half received a postcard saying that their energy use would be monitored for a month for research purposes.

　　They also got four follow-up reminder postcards over the month.

　　They received no other information, instructions or incentives.

　　The control group monitored for the study got no notifications.

　　That group continued using the same amount of electricity.

　　But the families being tracked reduced energy use 2.7 percent.

　　And when the study period ended, their energy use shot back up.

　　The report is in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

　　Clearly, mindful consumers can find ways to easily lower their energy consumption.

　　Perhaps policy makers can find a way to use the Hawthorne effect to everyone's advantage.

　　中文翻译请点击下一页

本文关键字: 科学美国人60秒 科学60秒下载 托福听力

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