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托福30天备考计划第15天之写作

2014-03-31 11:24:10来源：新东方网 杨睿彦

托福30天备考计划第15天之写作

　　展开方法：(举例论证)主题句+ 论证 + 例子 + 论证 + 例子 + 小结

　　High vulnerability to physical and mental illnesses undermines the sense of well-being among urban dwellers.

　　段落解析：（引出主题句）相对于农村生活而言，城市生活更不利于身心健康从而降低了人们对城市生活的满意度。虽然本文立场是农村生活满意度较高，但主题句不建议写：Less vulnerability to physical and mental illnesses contributes to better sense of well-being among villagers. 题目的重点是市民(people who live in the cities), 因此段落的主题句建议与题目一致。

　　The fast-paced life in the heavily polluted urban environment involves many health hazards. Urban dwellers are on the front lines of toxic chemical exposure and are seeing increased rates of cancer, obesity, insomnia, schizophrenia, depression and other chronic health disorders

　　段落解析：（解释原因）城市生活节奏过快且环境污染严重，从而导致市民患上各种疾病，包括心理疾病。城市生活对市民身心的摧残最终降低了市民的生活满意度。

　　The UN special report in May 2010 points out that around one third of urban dwellers throughout Asia and Africa live in slums or sidewalk tents, plagued with famine and diseases. Another study conducted by Columbia University’s Mailman School of Public Health shows that 34.6 % of schizophrenia cases would be prevented if people were not born and brought up in cities.

　　段落解析：（例子：真实例子、数例法）真实的例子，而且是美国人熟悉的例子属于上上等例子。联合国和哥伦比亚大学都是美国人再熟悉不过而且享有国际知名度的机构。另外，引用数字支撑观点可提高文章的权威性和可信度。

　　By comparison, the warm sunshine, the blue sky, the clean water, the fresh air and the magnificent view over the open countryside keep us away from stress and anxiety. Absent from the hustle and bustle of the city, the peace and tranquility as well as the slow-paced life of the rural areas allow farm families to lead a happier and healthier lifestyle.

　　段落解析：（用对比法论证观点）农村生活节奏较慢、压力较小、环境较好，村民患病率自然比城市低。村民身体健康、心情舒畅，生活满意度自然更高。写对比题时务必将所选立场和相反的立场进行对比，以证明所选立场更好或者更坏。如果单说一方面只能说明它是好的或者不好的，难以说明“更好”或是“更坏”。

　　I am not saying that country life brings about more satisfaction because farmers have a less heavy workload.Sowing seeds and ploughing fields under the blistering sun are even more exhausting than sitting in the air-conditioned office for 12 hours a day, answering phones and dealing with tons of paper work. Yet all their fatigue is balanced out with sufficient rest after sunset. This way, villagers are generally less prone to diseases. With a healthy body and a refreshed mind, the psychological well-being of rural inhabitants increase accordingly.

　　段落解析：（例子等于细节）以描述真实生活里的场景作为例子，引出许多细节使文字更生动。用“播种”, “耕地”, “炎炎烈日”, “日落后”等细节来刻画农村生活并用“在办公室里坐着吹空调”, “接电话”, “处理一叠叠文件”等细节来描述城市生活。例子不一定是一个故事，可以是对于细节的描述。

　　Rural lifestyle can best be summarized as “sprint-rest-sprint-rest” formula while urban lifestyle is a marathon. The work-rest balance is more compatible with human nature and thus contributes to a better life satisfaction.

　　段落解析：用两句话概括段落内容，起到扣题的作用。将农村生活比喻成短跑，城市生活比喻成马拉松，再次以对比的方式突出农村生活更令人满意。

　　注：其实本段落的“论证”和“例子”分界线不是很明确。本文试图把论证和例子揉到一起，使文章结构感觉不那么生硬。

　　》》托福30天备考计划

本文关键字: 托福一个月备考计划 托福备考计划

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