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托福30天备考计划第19天之阅读

2014-04-03 14:45:23来源：新东方 王璐

托福30天备考计划第19天之阅读

　　TPO14-2 Maya Water Problems 玛雅水问题【TPO14原文及答案】

　　标题看不出文章中对比出处，为解决图表题，同学们要精准定位、归类。

　　1. To understand the ancient Mayan people who lived in the area that is today southern Mexico and Central America and the ecological difficulties they faced, one must first consider their environment, which we think of as "jungle" or"tropical rainforest." This view is inaccurate, and the reason proves to be important.……If one focuses on the wet months, one calls the Maya homeland a "seasonal tropical forest"; if one focuses on the dry months, one could instead describe it as a "seasonal desert."(此段修辞目的题出处。)

　　2. From north to south inthe Yucatan Peninsula, where the Maya lived, rainfall ranges from 18 to 100 inches (457 to 2,540 millimeters) per year, and the soils become thicker, so that the southern peninsula was agriculturally more productive and supported denser populations.(南北比较集中列举，成为否定事实信息题考点。)

　　3. The ancient Maya were presumably more experienced and did better, but nevertheless they too must have faced risks of crop failures from droughts and hurricanes.(又是一组对比：考了事实信息题。)

　　4. Although southern Mayaareas received more rainfall than northern areas, problems of water were paradoxically more severe in the wet south.(段首转折，引入本段话题。)

　　5. The likely explanation is that an area of underground freshwater underlies the Yucatan Peninsula, but surface elevation increases from north to south, so that as one moves south the land surface liesincreasingly higher above the water table.

　　6. Making matters worse, most of the Yucatan Peninsula consists of karst, a porous sponge-like limestone terrain where rainruns straight into the ground and where little or no surface water remains available.(本篇南北对比占了很大篇幅，但本句在概括整个尤卡坦半岛的地质特点，也是一道事实信息题的定位点。)

　　7. How did those dense southern Maya populations deal with the resulting water problem? The explanation is that the Maya excavated depressions, or modified natural depressions, and then pluggedup leaks in the karst by plastering the bottoms of the depressions in order to create reservoirs, which collected rain from large plastered catchment basins and stored it for use in the dry season.(段首设问句，回答是作者想强调的内容;同时考察了句子简化题。)

　　8. A shorter drought in which they exhausted their stored food supplies might already have gotten them in deep trouble, because growing crops required rain rather than reservoirs.(篇章末尾，评价南部的对策。)

　　》》托福30天备考计划

本文关键字: 托福一个月备考计划 托福备考计划

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