托福阅读材料(175)：长时间面对电脑的危害(中英)

　　托福阅读背景材料/知识之长时间面对电脑的危害，更多托福阅读背景材料/知识尽在新东方在线托福考试频道！

　　电脑，是我们当代人工作和生活中必不可少的一部分。但是在我们利用电脑完成工作的同时，电脑也在时刻影响着我们，甚至包括我们的外貌。

　　经常与电脑打交道的人，由于长时间面对没有生命的电脑屏幕，而与人的交流越来越少，会在不知不觉中生出一张表情淡漠、冷峻“电脑脸”：发色枯黄、神情呆滞、没有笑容，并往往缺乏生活热情，敏感多疑、以自我中心、固执己见或对某事耿耿于怀。据“互联网从业者健康调查 ”结果显示，98%长期使用电脑的上班族感到身体健康度有所下降，80%以上认为从事互联网行业会导致“电脑脸 ”“电脑狂躁 ”等疾病。电脑无疑是上班族最亲密的伙伴，上班办公、下班娱乐，但也因此引发了一系列健康问题，如颈椎疼痛、表情僵硬、眼睛发干发涩等。精神内科医生建议，为避免长出“电脑脸”，需保持合适欲望，拥有快乐的心态;多跟亲人、朋友联络，通过面对面的交流增进感情。很多人以工作太累为由，放假了就闭门不出，反而没有出去散散心得到的放松效果好。此外，积极参与体育锻炼能大大释放心理压力，缓解疲劳。运动能改善中枢神经系统的功能，提高大脑皮层神经过程的兴奋性、均衡性和灵活性。

　　A growing number of women are developing something called ‘computer face’, a leading cosmetic surgeon said. Dr Michael Prager said professionals who worked long hours in front of a screen were ending up with saggy jowls, ‘turkey neck’ and deep-set wrinkles on their forehead and around their eyes. The Botox specialist said that, of all his clientele, office workers were most likely to show premature signs of ageing.

　　越来越多的女性都出现了“电脑脸”的症状，布拉格博士表示那些在电脑面前长时间工作的人将会逐渐出现脸部肌肉松懈、面颊下垂、"火鸡颈"、前额和眼睛周围皱纹增多的现象。一位美容方面的专家指出，在他所有的顾客中，女白领最可能出现“提前衰老”的症状。

　　‘If you are one of the unfortunate people who frown or squint while they are concentrating at the screen then, over time, you will inevitably end up with frown lines,’ Dr Prager, 42, said.‘What is perhaps more surprising is the number of women with saggy jowls because they are sitting in one position for so long.‘If you spend most of the time looking down then the neck muscles shorten and go saggy, eventually giving you a second neck.‘We are seeing a lot of women who work in executive jobs in offices who have this problem.’Dr Prager, who has a practice near Harley Street in London, said he encourages his clients to put a mirror next to their computer so they can see if they are frowning at the screen.

　　“如果你皱着眉头或者眼睛斜视电脑屏幕以集中注意力，久而久之，必然会导致面部皱纹增加，” 42岁的布拉格博士表示，“更令人吃惊的是，一些职场女性操作电脑时，喜爱一种姿势，会导致下巴肌肉松弛下垂。如果大部分时间处于俯视状态，则容易导致颈部肌肉缩短，形成颈部皮肉松弛下垂，严重会导致双下巴或‘火鸡脖子’。”布拉格博士建议客户，在办公室电脑边放一面镜子，以随时检查自己是否皱着眉头看电脑屏幕。

　　He warned that a generation of younger men and women who had grown up with information technology were developing ‘computer face’ at a much earlier age. He said: ‘The women I am seeing at the moment have only been using computers at work for the last decade or so. But women in their 20s have grown up with them and use them for every single task. ‘It will be completely different for them and I think the problem is going to become much, much worse. In another ten years, they could be looking quite awful.’So during work, we should constantly take a break to exercise our body, active our joints, and widen our scope.

　　布拉格博士警告说，成长于信息技术时代的年轻一代男女出现“电脑脸”的年龄会更早。他说，“目前我正在治疗的女性是只在电脑面前工作了十年左右的。但是对那些20多岁的女孩子来说，电脑伴随着她们成长的，几乎生活中的每一项工作都离不开电脑。因此对她们而言，这将完全是不同的，问题有可能会变的更加严峻。再过十年，她们可能看起来会相当的恐怖了。”所以在工作之余，应时不时的腾出几分钟来活动活动筋骨，看看远处。

　　专家建议，采取以下措施有助于防止“电脑脸”：

　　1.定时经常休息，远离电脑屏幕片刻。

　　2.“亲吻”天花板。仰望天花板，做亲吻状，拉伸颈脖，防止颈脖松弛。

　　3.经常左右摇晃头部，保持几秒钟。

　　4.适当调高电脑屏幕，防止始终处于俯视屏幕姿势。