托福阅读材料(268)：说谎会影响健康 内疚只是开始

　　托福阅读材料/知识之说谎会影响健康，更多托福阅读背景材料/知识尽在新东方在线托福考试频道！

　　说谎实在是一种很难杜绝的现象，无论是善意的还是恶意的，好像在某个特定场合都似乎无法避免。可是，如果说谎会影响健康的话，我们是不是应该更慎重呢？

　　从小父母和老师就教育我们不要撒谎，但是撒谎的后果会影响到我们的身体健康或许大多数人都没想过。下面的新托福考试阅读练习材料要说的就是说谎对我们健康的影响有哪些。

　　In The Dilemma， Vince Vaughn’s character is keeping a huge secret from his best friend: His wife is cheating on him. Vaughn’s “dilemma,” of course, is whether or not to tell his buddy. But, he may not know he’s also putting himself in harm’s way by lying to his friend. Guilt is just the beginning.

　　在影片《进退两难》中，文斯沃恩饰演的角色进退两难的是：该不该告诉自己的好朋友，好朋友妻子给他戴绿帽子的事情。殊不知，对好友隐瞒真相的同时，也给自己的健康带来隐患。内疚只是个开始。

　　Along with guilt, people who lie, omit the truth or keep a secret are at risk for some not-so-pleasant health complications. For starters, lying releases stress hormones – the same ones that are triggered in what’s called your “Fight or Flight Response,” This increase in stress hormones causes your heart rate and breathing to increase, digestion to slow down, and hypersensitivity of muscle and nerve fibers,” she says.

　　除了内疚，撒谎的人隐瞒真相可能令人不快的健康并发症的风险。撒谎的时候，体内会释放压力荷尔蒙，而压力荷尔蒙会诱发“或战或逃”反应。增加的压力荷尔蒙会影响心率和呼吸的加快，消化减慢，肌肉和神经纤维高度紧张。

　　These affects may not sound that serious, but over time, they can lead to conditions that no one would want, such as coronary artery disease, stroke, and congestive heart failure. Why? Because blood pressure rises in the heart when you’re lying, “which can be life threatening over a prolonged period of time,” says Dr. Smith. (This is why Polygram or lie detector tests accurately test for lying, because they measure jumps in blood pressure).

　　这些影响听起来似乎还不严重，但是，天长日久，会导致出乎意料的后果：冠心病、中风、充血性心力衰竭。为什么?因为撒谎时，血压会升高。撒谎成习可能威胁生命。这也是多项描记图和测谎仪能测试出人是否撒谎，因为撒谎时，人的血压会升高。

　　Frequent truth telling made lying more difficult, and frequent lying made lying easier.” 老实人很难撒谎，常撒谎的人说谎容易。

　　Those who lie on a daily basis or have been keeping a big secret for years may find it easy to do so over time, but they’re significantly more at risk for these negative health affects than others. Along with complications from high blood pressure, chronic liars may also develop the same diseases associated with chronic stress, such as cancer, diabetes, and heart disease. Those certainly got your attention, right?

　　对于那些把撒谎当家常便饭或常年来对某个重要秘密守口如瓶的人来说，撒谎再容易不过了。但是，他们不利健康的风险明显比其他人高。除了高血压类的并发症，撒谎成习的人可能患因为长期压力导致的相关疾病，比如癌症、糖尿病、心脏病。现在，你还能忽视撒谎吗?