托福口语之 Listening Script 5-4

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　　Q3:

　　M: Have you read about the new proposal on the bulletin board? A student is asking to cancel the writing course offered to science students.

　　W: What comes to his mind? I don’t understand it.

　　M: Me neither. It is true that science majors are in the lab all the time, but it doesn’t mean they could take courses without any writing. Quite the contrary,acquiring proficiency in writing is very essential to all students, including those with a science major. My father is a scientist. He told me finishing a good research paper requires effective writing skills; otherwise, new ideas or results from experiments cannot be expressed or conveyed to others. So I believe students of all majors should take writing courses. They will all be expected to do a great deal of writing in most of the classes they take and it will definitely benefit their jobs in the future.

　　W: That’s a good point. I was about to say that.

　　M: And also, the reason that science majors are too busy to take writing courses shouldn’t be accepted. You know, majors of other areas such as history and English are equally busy. They need to attend classes, prepare for all the quizzes and tests, do research in the library and write papers etc. So conducting experiments in lab shouldn’t be any excuse for canceling the writing class.

　　Q4:

　　M: The murre bird is a prime example of this concept.

　　When a female murre bird has young, her baby chicks’ educations begin a few weeks after the eggs have been laid. The mom murre bird creates a unique sound over her eggs; this sound is repeated constantly until her eggs have hatched. After hatching, the small birds are able to identify the same sound that their mother made to them when they were in the eggs. Then they repeat the sound and begin to follow the mother bird around. Since each sound is unique, the mom murre bird can recognize each baby bird as one of her own, feeding, caring for and protecting in case of a predator. All in all, this unique teaching method helps improve the baby murre bird’s chance of survival.

　　Q5:

　　M: Amber, are you coming to the party at Sarah’s place tonight? It should be a lot of fun.

　　W: No, I am afraid not. I am moving into a new apartment tomorrow. So I need to pack everything up and do the cleaning.

　　M: Really? Just let me know if you need any help. W: I think I do need your advice.

　　M: Oh...yeah? Tell me about it.

　　W: Well, I used to hang a lot of pictures or decorations on the wall in my old apartment. You know, some nail holes were left and caused damage to the wall. I don’t think the owner will be happy about the holes.

　　M: Have you thought about just asking your owner to hire some technical or

　　professional service to fix it up? That would be an easy way to solve your problem.

　　W: Yeah, but the cost of the maintenance service and extra charges for the damages would be very costly. I am able to afford the maintenance bill but I don’t really want it to cost me my arms and legs to move this time.

　　M: Ah, I see. You could buy some stuff and fix the nail holes on your own tonight. Don’t you think it would be cheaper than being charged for the damages and the maintenance service?

　　W: But the problem is that I am moving tomorrow and time is so tight, and I would be very exhausted if I did so.

　　Q6:

　　W: Who’s heard of the phenomenon called self-efficacy? This is the word psychologists use when people believe they are capable of performing in a certain manner to attain certain goals. Self-efficacy plays an important role helping us complete difficult tasks and succeed in our daily lives. According to prominent psychologists, there are two sources from which we draw strength for self- efficacy.

　　The first source is past experience. Our successes in the past have a direct psychological impact on our self-efficacy in future situations. For example, if you repetitively do well in your math exam, then you will certainly have the inner strength to continue to do well in your next exam.

　　The second source is seeing people similar to oneself succeed by sustained effort, raising observers’ beliefs that they too possess the capabilities of mastering the comparable activities to succeed. This source is sort of a social model that others can follow. For example, your older sister plays the guitar masterfully, and this can encourage you to also study hard in order to play the piano just as well as she can.

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