新托福阅读插入句子的题解题思路

　　托福阅读中出现了新题型插入句子题。大家要多加练习才能把握该种托福新题型的做题方法及思路。本文中新东方在线托福网为大家收集整理新托福阅读插入句子的题解题思路一文，供大家参考。更多关于托福阅读、托福阅读评分标准、托福题型、托福经验分享、托福真题等托福考试的相关资料，尽在新东方在线托福网。

　　插入句子题是托福(IBT)阅读中的新题型，句子插入题通常只出现在倒数第二道题的位置，在此之前我们已经完成了至少10道题，而这道题需要我们插一句话到文章中，这就意味着这句话一定不能够改变原文本来的内容和意思。另外，我们可以猜测需要被插入的句子应该是原文中本来存在的，而非出题者写的。因此，这种原文本身存在的，去掉又不会影响原文意思的句子，一定是文章中不重要的句子。

　　而什么样的句子在文章中不重要呢?一般来说，或者承接前文继续解释说明，或者引出后文，或者承上启下的过渡句。因此，句子插入题只需去找该句子和前后文的重复即可。下面就举例为大家讲解一下。

　　题目识别：

　　Look at the four squares [█] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage. Where would the sentence best fit?

　　文章中会出现四个黑色的方框，要求考生将所给句子插入这四个位置中合适的一个位置，这种题型重点考察考生对原文中的上下文语境和句子之间关系的把握。因此，解决这种题型的关键在于仔细阅读待插入句子，从中提取能够承上启下的线索词;然后，根据线索词对上下文作出预测;最后，回到原文读预测内容，并根据原文本身句子间连接的紧密度进行排除即可。所以句子插入题的解题方法如下：

　　第一步：认真阅读给出句注意首尾

　　第二步：找出和上下文有关联的信息

　　第三步：顺次搜索式阅读原文段落

　　第四步：找到匹配信息后代入验证

　　Example: █Ecologists are especially interested to know what factors contribute to the resilience of communities because climax communities all over the world are being severely damaged or destroyed by human activities. █The destruction caused by the volcanic explosion of Mount St. Helens, in the northwestern United States, for example, pales in comparison to the destruction caused by humans. █We need to know what aspects of a community are most important to the community’s resistance to destruction, as well as its recovery.

　　█

　　Look at the four squares [█] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.

　　In fact, damage to the environment by humans is often much more severe than damage by natural events and processes.

　　Where would the sentence best fit? Click on a square to add the sentence to the passage.

　　首先，看需要插入的句子。句子的开头是damage by humans, 结尾是damage by natural events and processes。开头的damage by humans应该是旧信息，应该在前一句话中提到，而damage by natural events and processes应该是新信息，应该在下一句话中提到。因此，答案只能是2, 插入句的开头damage by humans对应前一句的“climax communities all over the world are being severely damaged or destroyed by human activities.”，插入句的结尾damage by natural events and processes对应“The destruction caused by the volcanic explosion of Mount St. Helens”。插入句放在此处，与下一句形成了观点和举例的论证关系，因此完全正确。

　　█Most investigators concur that certain facial expressions suggest the same emotions in all people. █Moreover, people in diverse cultures recognize the emotions manifested by the facial expressions. █In classic research Paul Ekman took photographs of people exhibiting the emotions of anger, disgust, fear, happiness, and sadness. █He then asked people around the world to indicate what emotions were being depicted in them.

　　Look at the four squares [█] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.

　　This universality in the recognition of emotions was demonstrated by using rather simple methods.

　　Where would the sentence best fit? Click on a square to add the sentence to the passage.

　　该题型要求考生将一句话插入到原文四个黑色空格的其中一个当中，使得段落看起来更通顺。首先可以从这个单独的句子中找到暗示点，例如，本题待插入句子为：This universality in the recognition of emotions was demonstrated by using rather simple methods. 主语部分为：这个对于感情的认知的普遍性。如果待插入句子中出现代词，则代词所指内容应当在该句之前出现，结合这道题目，在这个句子应当插入的空之前必有：对于感情认知的普遍性。这道题目选择第三个黑色方框，其之前的句子为：Moreover, people in diverse cultures recognize the emotions manifested by the facial expressions. 意思是：另外，来自不同文化背景的人能够通过面部表情的识别来判断对方的情绪。来自不同文化背景的人都可以判断出来，这里暗示了universality普遍性。同时，放在第三个空也可以对应后面的内容。待插入句子说到“demonstrated by using rather simple methods”可以用简单的方式证明，对应第三个空后方的句子：In classic research Paul Ekman took photographs.

　　经过研究发现，句子插入题属于难度比较大的一种，需要对全文有良好的把握，除此之外也需要一定的把握长难句的能力。大家要多加练习才能把握该种题目的做题方法及思路。

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