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托福阅读词汇题：associated

2015-08-20 18:09:05来源：网络

　　【托福阅读题型：associated词汇题】托福阅读中词汇题是重要题型之一。根据托福阅读题型不同来进行专项练习，是短期提高托福阅读能力的有效方法。同学们需要多加练习哦!

　　查看全部：托福阅读题型分类练习之词汇题

　　托福阅读词汇题：associated

　　【Paragraph 2】How are we to understand their different feeding preferences? The answer lies in two associated　　differences among the species, in their digestive systems and body sizes. According to their digestive systems, these　herbivores can be divided into two categories: the nonruminants (such as the zebra, which has a digestive system like a　　horse) and the ruminants (such as the wildebeest, topi, and gazelle, which are like the cow). Nonruminants cannot　extract much energy from the hard parts of a plant; however, this is more than made up for by the fast speed at which　food passes through their guts. Thus, when there is only a short supply of poor-quality food, the wildebeest, topi, and　gazelle enjoy an advantage. They are ruminants and have a special structure (the rumen) in their stomachs, which　　contains microorganisms that can break down the hard parts of plants. Food passes only slowly through the ruminant’s　gut because ruminating—digesting the hard parts—takes time. The ruminant continually regurgitates food from its　stomach back to its mouth to chew it up further (that is what a cow is doing when “chewing cud”). Only when it has been　　chewed up and digested almost to a liquid can the food pass through the rumen and on through the gut. Larger particles　　cannot pass through until they have been chewed down to size. Therefore, when food is in short supply, a ruminant can　last longer than a nonruminant because it can derive more energy out of the same food. The difference can partially　　explain the eating habits of the Serengeti herbivores. The zebra chooses areas where there is more low-quality food. It　migrates first to unexploited areas and chomps the abundant low-quality stems before moving on. It is a fast-in/fast-out　feeder, relying on a high output of incompletely digested food. By the time the wildebeests (and other ruminants) arrive,　the grazing and trampling of the zebras will have worn the vegetation down. As the ruminants then set to work, they eat　down to the lower, leafier parts of the vegetation. All of this fits in with the differences in stomach contents with which webegan.(Feeding Habits of East African Herbivores)

　　The word associated in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　○ obvious

　　○ significant

　　○ expected

　　○ connected

　　答案见下一页：

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