托福阅读词汇练习：An unknown goddess

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　　托福阅读词汇练习：An unknown goddess

　　Some time ago, an interesting discovery was made by archaeologists on the Aegean island of Kea. An American team explored a temple which stands in an ancient city on the promontory of AyiaIrini. The city at one time must have been prosperous, for it enjoyed a high level of civilization. Houses – often three storeys high – were built of stone. They had large rooms with beautifully decorated walls. The city was even equipped with a drainage system, for a great many clay pipes were found beneath the narrow streets.

　　The temple which the archaeologists explored was used as a place of worship from the fifteenth century B.C. until Roman times. In the most sacred room of the temple, clay fragments of fifteen statues were found. Each of these represented a goddess and had, at one time, been painted. The body of one statue was found among remains dating from the fifteenth century B.C. Its missing head happened to be among remains of the fifth century B.C. This head must have been found in Classical times and carefully preserved. It was very old and precious even then. When the archaeologists reconstructed the fragments, they were amazed to find that the goddess turned out to be a very modern-looking woman. She stood (was) three feet high and her hands rested on her hips. She was wearing a full-length skirt which swept the ground. Despite her great age, she was very graceful indeed, but, so far, the archaeologists have been unable to discover her identity.

　　1.explore 探索: To search for discovery; examine

　　形近词

　　explode 爆炸

　　exploit 开发,利用

　　expedite 加速,迅速的

　　expedition 探险

　　词组例句

　　explore outer space 太空勘探

　　explore every possibilities 系统地研究每一个可能性

　　explore ancient temple 考察古庙

　　The archaeologists are exploring the cave.

　　2.prosperous 繁荣的(修饰经济)

　　successful or thriving, esp. financially

　　同/近义词

　　wealth 富有的

　　flourishing 兴旺的,繁茂的

　　thriving 兴隆的

　　booming 火的迅猛发展的

　　adequate 充足的

　　词组例句

　　Our finance is prosperous.我们的经济是繁荣的。

　　a prosperous new business 一家成功的新公司

　　a prosperous family 富裕的一家

　　a prosperous moment to make a decision 做决定的有利时机

　　3.civilization 文明

　　常用词组：enjoys a high level of civilization 享有高度的文明

　　4.worship 崇拜(非理性的): admire; respect

　　admire 敬佩

　　respect 尊敬

　　warship 军舰战船

　　例句

　　Who do you worship in the world?

　　5.sacred 宗教的，神圣的(可修释职业)是指献给上帝或神的事物，因为是神圣的，不容亵渎，指普遍视为神圣不可侵犯的东西

　　同/近义词

　　Divine神圣的：侧重于神性，在现在英语中指绝妙或非人世所有的事物

　　a divine punishment.上天的惩罚

　　expect to divine the future

　　mystic神秘的

　　blessed神佑的

　　religions宗教的

　　solemn 庄严的，庄重的

　　holy神圣的，圣洁的与sacred 替换

　　词组

　　sacred music圣乐

　　sacred promise神圣的诺言

　　6.classic adj.精典的,第一流 n.杰作,经典之作

　　形近词

　　classical古典的(未必精)

　　eg. classical music古典音乐

　　classical education人文科学教育

　　This is the classic example of love at the first sight.

　　7.construct(抽象虚的)比较正式，有技术较高，较复杂的结构，规模较大，抽象+具体

　　build /put up (实体的)建设

　　erect: (build high buildings) 侧重对高而垂直的东西建造，不如build广泛

　　eg. erect monument 建造纪念碑

　　erect clock tower建造钟楼

　　set up : set up a union 建造，侧重于开始

　　establish: establish a school 侧重稳固的建成，有“建立”的意思，建立学校体系等

　　found: found a country 侧重于建好基础，具体抽象皆可

　　词组

　　construction of socialism社会主义建设

　　construct a sentence

　　construct a broken statuary

　　8. rest … on 搭在…上

　　eg. Her eyes rest on the picture.

　　rest with +sb由某人决定

　　eg. This great decision rests with your mother.

　　9. hip n.[口]在服用兴奋剂,宗教信仰方面赶时髦的人;消息灵通人士;

　　adj.通晓的，见闻广的

　　例句

　　Mary is a real hip.

　　The guy isn’t a hip.那个家伙什么都不懂.

　　常用词组

　　Joined at the hip [口]交情极厚的

　　eg.This two are joined at the hip.

　　Shoot from the hip信口开河

　　eg. Sorry,I said that I shouldn’t have shot from the hip.

　　10.graceful 优雅的(修饰长相体态)

　　同/近义词

　　Elegant 优雅的(修饰举止behavior)

　　gentle 温柔的

　　naive 可爱的

　　tender: Someone or something that is tender expresses gentle and caring feelings

　　Tender is the night 夜色温柔菲茨杰拉德