托福阅读素材：奥普拉·温弗瑞的人生故事

　　托福阅读素材：奥普拉·温弗瑞的人生故事。托福阅读考查内容量大，取材丰富，话题面广，需要考生积累必要的阅读背景材料。本文中新东方在线托福网为大家带来托福阅读背景知识：奥普拉·温弗瑞的人生故事，希望对大家托福备考有所帮助。更多精彩尽请关注新东方在线托福网!

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　　托福阅读素材：奥普拉·温弗瑞的人生故事

　　Oprah Gail Winfrey, born January 29, 1954, is an American media proprietor, talk show host, actress, producer, and philanthropist. She is best known for her talk show The Oprah Winfrey Show, which was the highest-rated program of its kind in history and was nationally syndicated from 1986 to 2011. Dubbed the "Queen of All Media”, she has been ranked the richest African-American of the 20th century, the greatest black philanthropist in American history, and is currently (2016) one of two black billionaires in North America. Several assessments regard her as the most influential woman in the world. In 2013, she was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Barack Obama and honorary doctorate degrees from Duke and Harvard.

　　奥普拉·温弗瑞, 1954年1月29日出生于密西西比州科修斯科，美国演员，制片，主持人，慈善家。因主持的电视谈话节目“奥普拉脱口秀”为人们所熟知，该节目平均每周吸引3300万名观众，并连续16年排在同类节目的首位。被授予媒体女皇称号，位于20世纪非裔美国人财富榜首，美国历史上最伟大的慈善家，是当前北美洲二位黑人亿万富翁之一。是当今世界上最具影响力的妇女之一，2013年被美国总统奥巴马授予总统自由勋章，并获得美国杜克以及哈佛大学荣誉博士学位。

　　Winfrey was born in Kosciusko, Mississippi，Winfrey was named "Orpah" after the biblical figure in the Book of Ruth on her birth certificate, but people mispronounced it regularly and "Oprah" stuck.

　　1954年1月29日，小温弗瑞出生在密西西比(Mississippi)的小镇科修斯科(Kosciusko)，她的姑妈是一个半文盲，凭借其对圣经的一知半解为小温弗莉起名Orpah，这是旧约圣经“路得记”里一个卑微女人的名字。但人们最终拼错了她的名字，最终Oprah这个名字保留了下来。

　　After Winfrey's birth, her mother traveled north and Winfrey spent her first six years living in rural poverty with her maternal grandmother, Hattie Mae (Presley) Lee (April 15, 1900 – February 27, 1963), who was so poor that Winfrey often wore dresses made of potato sacks, for which the local children made fun of her. Her grandmother taught her to read before the age of three and took her to the local church, where she was nicknamed "The Preacher" for her ability to recite Bible verses. When Winfrey was a child, her grandmother would hit her with a stick when she did not do chores or if she misbehaved in any way.

　　小温弗瑞出生后，母亲搬去了北方，她和外祖母在贫穷中相依为命了6年。小时候家里很穷，小温弗瑞不得不穿土豆麻袋做的裙子，因为被当地孩子取笑。三岁前，外祖母教她识字并带她去当地教堂，在那儿她有了个绰号叫传道士因为她背诵圣经诗歌的能力。在小温弗瑞长大一些的时候，如果不做家务或事不听话外祖母就会用棍子教训她。

　　At age six, Winfrey moved to an inner-city neighborhood in Milwaukee, Wisconsin with her mother Vernita Lee, who was less supportive and encouraging than her grandmother had been, largely as a result of the long hours she worked as a maid. Around this time, Lee had given birth to another daughter, Winfrey's younger half-sister, Patricia[ who later (in February 2003, at age 43) died of causes related to cocaine addiction. By 1962, Lee was having difficulty raising both daughters so Winfrey was temporarily sent to live with Vernon in Nashville, Tennessee.

　　6岁时，小温弗莉搬到母亲居住的密尔沃基(美国威斯康星州东南部港市)。因为母亲长时间做女佣，她的母亲不像外祖母那样鼓励和帮助她。随后她的母亲生下了另外一个女儿，Patricia在43岁时死于吸毒。到了1962年，温弗瑞德母亲无法抚养两个女儿，于是温弗瑞暂时被送去纳什维尔的父亲家。

　　Winfrey has stated she was molested by her cousin, uncle, and a family friend, starting when she was nine years old, something she first announced to her viewers on a 1986 episode of her TV show regarding sexual abuse. When Winfrey discussed the alleged abuse with family members at age 24, they refused to accept what she said. Winfrey once commented that she had chosen not to be a mother because she had not been mothered well.

　　温弗瑞说：从她9岁起，她就曾经被堂兄，叔叔以及她们家的一个朋友猥亵过。在1986年她自己的电视节目中关于性虐待的一集中，她分享给观众们这些曾经发生的事情。当温弗瑞在24岁时和家人谈到这段往事，家人拒绝接受她所说的。温弗瑞曾说她已经决定不做一个母亲，因为她没有被照管好。

　　At 13, after suffering years of abuse, Winfrey ran away from home. When she was 14, she became pregnant but her son was born prematurely and he died shortly after birth. Winfrey later stated she felt betrayed by the family member who had sold the story of her son to the National Enquirer in 1990. She began going to Lincoln High School; but after early success in the Upward Bound program, was transferred to the affluent suburban Nicolet High School, where she says her poverty was constantly rubbed in her face as she rode the bus to school with fellow African-Americans, some of whom were servants of her classmates' families. She began to steal money from her mother in an effort to keep up with her free-spending peers, to lie to and argue with her mother, and to go out with older boys.

　　在13岁那年，被虐待了几年后，温弗瑞逃离了这家。当14岁后，她怀孕了，但随后她的儿子早产，不久后夭折。温弗瑞后来说道她感觉被家出卖了，当她的家人将她孩子的故事卖给了National Enquirer 杂志。她后来在Lincoln高中上学，随后因获得在密尔沃基尼科利特高中上学的奖学金，转去这个富裕的郊区高中读书，当她坐上公交上学，车上经常有些非裔美国人是她班里同学的佣人，她感觉到贫穷让她很尴尬。她开始在家里偷钱尝试像她的同龄人过着随便花钱的生活，并且开始和母亲撒谎吵架，还开始和大的孩子出去玩。

　　Her frustrated mother once again sent her to live with Vernon in Nashville, Tennessee, though this time she did not take her back. Vernon was strict, but encouraging, and made her education a priority. Winfrey became an honors student, was voted Most Popular Girl, and joined her high school speech team at East Nashville High School, placing second in the nation in dramatic interpretation. She won an oratory contest, which secured her a full scholarship to Tennessee State University, a historically black institution, where she studied communication. Her first job as a teenager was working at a local grocery store. At the age of 17, Winfrey won the Miss Black Tennessee beauty pageant. She also attracted the attention of the local black radio station, WVOL, which hired her to do the news part-time. She worked there during her senior year of high school, and again while in her first two years of college.

　　她沮丧的母亲不得不再次将温弗瑞送去纳什维尔的父亲，这次她没有将温弗瑞带回去了。温弗瑞德父亲非常严厉但是很鼓励的，并且非常重视她的教育。温弗瑞随后成为了一个荣誉学生，并且被评选为最流行女孩，加入高中演讲队，获得全国第二的成绩。随后在演讲比赛中，温弗莉凭借一篇短小震撼的演讲“黑人·宪法·美国”拔得头筹，赢得1000美元的奖学金，让她能够进入田纳西州立大学。17岁时，她摇身一变成为“那斯威尔防火小姐”，同年又她戴上了田纳西州黑人小姐的桂冠。并受雇在WVOL电台播报周末新闻，有时也播报工作日新闻。

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