托福写作音乐类话题素材：孩子是否应该学习音乐

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　　托福写作话题素材：孩子是否应该学习音乐

　　在教育类的话题上，ETS也想考察考生们对于，学生是否应该学习音乐和艺术，这个主题自己的一些看法和见解。通过这么多年的教学，发现对于很多学生来说，他们对于学习音乐所能带来的具体好处知道的非常有限。那么今天魔君就和大家一起来看一看学习音乐究竟能够给我们带来哪些好处。

　　6 Benefits of Music Lessons

　　Learning to play an instrument can help your child fine-tune(v.调整) her ear and enhance skills needed for education and social interaction.

　　Between soccer and scouts, your school-age kid's schedule is loaded with fun activities. If you're on the fence about adding music classes to the list, take note of the benefits that come with signing your little one up for violin or piano lessons. Maybe she won't be the next Beethoven, but she may have an easier time learning math, practicing good manners (including patience!), and becoming a team player. Read on to learn more about the benefits of music education.

　　It improves academic skills.

　　Music and math are highly intertwined(v.缠绕一起). By understanding beat(n. 节拍), rhythm(n.节奏), and scales(n.音阶), children are learning how to divide, create fractions(创建分数), and recognize patterns. It seems that music wires a child's brain to help him better understand other areas of math, says Lynn Kleiner, founder of Music Rhapsody in Redondo Beach, CA. As kids get older, they'll start reciting songs, calling on their short-term memory and eventually their long-term memory. Using a mnemonic device to do this is a method that can later be applied to other memory skills, says Mary Larew, Suzuki violin teacher at the Neighborhood Music School in New Haven, Connecticut. Musical instrument classes also introduce young children to basic physics. For instance, plucking(v.拉，扯，拨) the strings on a guitar or violin teaches children about harmonic and sympathetic vibrations(谐振动和共振). Even non-string instruments, such as drums and the vibraphone(电颤琴), give big kids the opportunity to explore these scientific principles.

　　It develops physical skills.

　　Certain instruments, such as percussion(打击乐器), help children develop coordination and motor skills(运动技能); they require movement of the hands, arms, and feet. This type of instrument is great for high-energy kids, says Kristen Regester, Early Childhood Program Manager at Sherwood Community Music School at Columbia College Chicago. String and keyboard instruments, like the violin and piano, demand different actions from your right and left hands simultaneously. "It's like patting(v. 轻拍) your head and rubbing(v. 刮擦) your belly at the same time," Regester says. Instruments not only help develop ambidexterity(双手都技巧独特), but they can also encourage children to become comfortable in naturally uncomfortable positions. Enhancing coordination and perfecting timing can prepare children for other hobbies, like dance and sports.

　　It cultivates social skills.

　　Group classes require peer interaction and communication, which encourage teamwork, as children must collaborate to create a crescendo(声音渐强) or an accelerando(渐速音). If a child is playing his instrument too loudly or speeding up too quickly, he'll need to adjust. It's important for children to know and understand their individual part in a larger ensemble(全体;合奏组), Regester says. Music Rhapsody offers general music education classes, in which teachers split(分组) students into groups and assign each child a task. Whether a team is responsible for choosing instruments or creating a melody, students work toward a common goal. "These are the kinds of experiences we have in society," Kleiner says. "We need more group interaction and problem solving.”

　　It refines discipline and patience.

　　Learning an instrument teaches children about delayed gratification(n. 满足). The violin, for example, has a steep(a. 陡峭的，急剧升降的) learning curve. Before you can make a single sound, you must first learn how to hold the violin, how to hold the bow, and where to place your feet, Larew says. Playing an instrument teaches kids to persevere through hours, months, and sometimes years of practice before they reach specific goals, such as performing with a band or memorizing a solo piece. "Private lessons and practicing at home require a very focused kind of attention for even 10 minutes at a time," Larew says. Group lessons, in which students learn to play the same instruments in an ensemble, also improve patience, as children must wait their turn to play individually. And in waiting for their turns and listening to their classmates play, kids learn to show their peers respect, to sit still and be quiet for designated periods of time, and to be attentive.

　　It boosts self-esteem.

　　Lessons offer a forum where children can learn to accept and give constructive criticism. Turning negative feedback into positive change helps build self-confidence, Regester says. Group lessons, in particular, may help children understand that nobody, including themselves or their peers, is perfect, and that everyone has room for improvement. "Presenting yourself in public is an important skill whether you become a professional musician or not," Larew says. This skill is easily transferrable to public speaking, she adds. And, of course, once a child is advanced enough, she'll possess musical skills that will help her stand out.

　　It introduces children to other cultures.

　　By learning about and playing a variety of instruments, kids can discover how music plays a critical role in other cultures. For instance, bongos and timbales may introduce children to African and Cuban styles of music. Although the modern-day violin has roots in Italy, learning to play it exposes children to classical music popularized by German and Austrian musicians. Versatile instruments, such as the violin and piano, can accompany a wide repertoire of styles, including classical and jazz (which originated in the American South). It's important to familiarize children with other cultures at a young age because this fosters open-mindedness about worlds and traditions beyond the ones they know.

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