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托福阅读：植物“殖民主义”​

2016-04-25 17:15:56来源：网络

　　为了帮助大家学习托福阅读背景知识，更快提高托福阅读成绩，新东方在线托福网为大家带来托福阅读：植物“殖民主义”一文，希望对大家托福备考有所帮助。更多精彩尽请关注新东方在线托福网!

　　Plant Colonization

　　植物“殖民主义”

　　P1: Colonization is one way in which plants can change the ecology of a site. Colonization is a process with two components: invasion and survival. The rate at which a site is colonized by plants depends on both the rate at which individual organisms (seeds, spores, immature or mature individuals) arrive at the site and their success at becoming established and surviving. Success in colonization depends to a great extent on there being a site available for colonization – a safe site where disturbance by fire or by cutting down of trees has either removed competing species or reduced levels of competition and other negative interactions to a level at which the invading species can become established. For a given rate of invasion, colonization of a moist, fertile site is likely to be much more rapid than that of a dry, infertile site because of poor survival on the latter. A fertile, plowed field is rapidly invaded by a large variety of weeds, whereas a neighboring construction site from which the soil has been compacted or removed to expose a coarse, infertile parent material may remain virtually free of vegetation for many months or even years despite receiving the same input of seeds as the plowed field.

　　难词解析：

　　site: n.场所;位置; vt. 设置;为…选址

　　component: n.成分;组件;adj.组成的

　　survive：v.幸存;幸免于;比...活得长

　　mature：v.成熟，使…成熟; adj. 成熟的;充分考虑的;到期的;成年人的

　　established：v. 确立的;已制定的

　　available: adj.可得的;空闲的

　　removed：adj. 被移开的，远离的

　　construction: n. 构造，建筑

　　virtually：adv. 几乎

　　despite: prep. 尽管

　　难句解析：

　　Success (in colonization)depends to a great extent on there being a site (available for colonization) – a safe site [where disturbance by fire or by cutting down of trees has either removed competing species or reduced levels of competition and other negative interactions] to a level [at which the invading species can become established.]

　　定居的成功很大程度上取决于有一个合适的定居地点——一个安全的地点中，因为火或伐树造成的干扰移除了竞争物种，或者将竞争和其他消极作用降低到了入侵物种能够定居的水平。

本文关键字: 托福阅读 托福阅读背景知识

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