托福口语中的“感官拓展法”

　　为了帮助大家高效备考托福，熟悉托福口语，新东方在线托福网为大家带来托福口语中的“感官拓展法”一文，希望对大家托福备考有所帮助。更多精彩尽请关注新东方在线托福网!

　　有别于托福口语综合题，近几年来口语独立题在不断的发展与变化。让人最应接不暇的要属口语第一题了。本名为“free choice”的题型，在近几年来的考试中越来越不“free”，给了考生很多的限制—比如题干中的限定词增多、出现选项限制、考题中还会问及学生一些负面选项;同时，第一题的界限越来越模糊，有时和第二题(paired choice)甚至第五题(problem & solutions)相近;此外，该题型的辐射面越来越广，让很多考生伤透了脑筋。比如以下这些令人“脑仁疼”的考题：

　　2016. 4.9

　　Describe one of the most popular websites in your country. Explain why it is popular with details and examples.

　　2016.8.20

　　Describe a custom or tradition from thepast that is no longer common in your country.

　　2016.8.27

　　Talk about the advantages and disadvantages of moving into a new city for work or school.

　　2016.9.11

　　Describe a common mistake that an experienced teacher may make.

　　2016.12.10

　　Which of the following three behaviorswould you consider the most negative for kids?

　　- Being selfish

　　- Saying impolite things

　　- Speaking loudly in public

　　那么，有没有对策可以解决这一苦恼呢?在准备托福口语的过程中，一些常见的“拆招术”被广泛使用。下图所示为非常普遍使用的几个“套路”—

　　我们可以结合一道例题来了解一下这些常用话题拓展法—

　　What would you do to relax after working for a long time? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

　　以范题为例，假设topic sentence是”I would like to swim to relax”,很多同学会使用“做对比”或者“给数字”这两种套路来拓展话题：

　　Before starting swimming, I was lazy and a bit overweight, and I used to get sick very often. However, after learning swimming and practicing it regularly, I feel my health condition has improved,and my immunity system has been enhanced, swimming can definitely prevent me from physical challenges, and I even lose 10 pounds in 2 weeks.

　　问题来了，很多同学发现这些通用招数并不能获得很高分，大同小异的回答很容易让人感觉千篇一律。那么什么样的回答才可以让考官眼前一亮呢?

　　根据我们对考生托福口语成绩的追踪，我们发现越真实、越个性化的回答更容易取得高分。所以在这里隆重推荐一个能使作答更个性化的方法：“感官拓展法。”

　　“感官拓展法”的精髓，在于给听者更强的画面感与丰富的想象空间。也就是需要我们用verbal techniques 去培养考官的视觉感。

　　人的感官不会说谎，只要遵循了身体的感受，就能个性化作答。“感官拓展法“非常简单，你只需要遵循以下几个步骤：

　　Think about—

　　What were you seeing, hearing or otherwise sensing?

　　What emotions were you going through?

　　What interpretations, wants, needs, memories or anticipations of yours are supporting those feelings?

　　What positive/negative results will appear in the future?

　　在刚才的例子当中，范文说了一种运动。其实运动是最能体现感官感受的话题。遵循以上步骤来运用“感官拓展法”。

　　丨a. 描述一下水中的身体感受

　　1. When I dive down too deep, the water feels thirty times heavier on me.

　　2. The water glides over me, wrapping me in a cold cocoon.

　　3. Though people can’t sweat in the water,I still feel my calorie burning when I swim at a fast speed.

　　丨b. 描述一下水中的心里感受

　　1. The quietness and serene under water make me feel peaceful and calm.

　　2. It’s such a joyful time when my friends and I try to splash water upon each other’s faces.

　　丨c.描述一下水中的相关回忆

　　1. It was such a coincidence that once I met my favorite teacher in the swimming pool. It turned out that he is not only excellent in academic, but also rocks in doing sports. He corrected my body positions and showed me different swimming styles. I never know he can be so resourceful. What a good time we spent!

　　丨d. 描述一下对未来积极的影响

　　1. My heavy load of academic work often stresses me out. Swimming regularly can lower stress levels, reduce anxiety and depression,and improve my sleep patterns.

　　2. Swimming moves all the muscles in the body, whenever people swim, they get a full body workout. Exercising in water makes your body work harder so 30 minutes in a pool is worth 45 minutes of the same activity on land.

　　“感官拓展法”不仅仅是可以让学生的回答更丰富、更真实的一种刺激源，更是激发学生critical thinking的一种思维模式。但是不得不说，“感官拓展法”的应用还需建立在扎实的语言基础之上：1. 词汇量丰富 2. 语法表达形式多样 3. 对不同题型有所累积。夯实了这些最基本的功底，“感官拓展法”的价值就才能更好的体现。

　　以上就是新东方在线托福网为你带来的托福口语中的“感官拓展法”，更多精彩敬请关注新东方在线托福网。