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托福英语:语言习得连连看(语言学篇)

2017-02-24 15:41:33来源:新东方 徐欣

  为了帮助大家高效备考托福,熟悉英语语言习得,新东方在线托福网为大家带来托福英语:语言习得连连看(语言学篇)一文,希望对大家托福备考有所帮助。更多精彩尽请关注新东方在线托福网!

  语言贯穿于我们的生活学习中,偶尔体现个情商and智商。有没有十分羡慕那些多语习得者,比如地球另一端欧洲的一些小盆宇,会个2-3门语言,并不罕见,其实欧洲语言语系一致,在语法、发音上都是有相似性的,因此人会2-3门语言就像有的人会说好几门方言一样,并不稀奇,光是太原话,南城北城都有差异,欣欣老师作为吃瓜群众咁多年,都唔知哩嘅difference系纳尼?语言真是千变万化呀!

  今天我们一起来看看,从语言学角度来审视。语言究竟有什么特征,了解这些特征对我们学习语言又有什么好处?

  Generally,thereareseveraldesignfeatures of language, arbitrariness, duality, creativity, displacement, cultural transmission and interchangeability.

  语言区别性特征为:任意性、双重性、创造性、移位性、文化传递性、互换性

  (what?????)

  Arbitrariness:

  It is a core feature of language, which means that there is no logical connection between the sound of a morpheme and its meaning.

  任意性:语言“形”和“音”之间任意性。

  (听力之所以难,对于部分同学而言,熟形不熟音现象太严重!)

  Duality:

  It means the property of having two levels of structures, such that units of the primary level are composed of elements of the secondary level and each of the two levels has its own principles of organization. At the lower level or basic level there is a structure of sounds, which are meaningless by themselves. But the sounds of language can be grouped and regrouped into a large number of units of meaning, which are found at the higher level of the system.

  双重性:两层结构,底层无意义语音可组成为有意义单位,每一层都有其自身组成规则。

  (单词单个知道什么意思,搭配起来就不懂了,是不是组成规则你就不熟悉呢,比如语法)

  Creativity:

  Languageisresourceful because of its duality and its recursiveness.

  语言创造性意味着通过双重性以及递归性我们能创造出无限句子。

  (有章有法为啥你的语言还是那么单一,量不够不晓得如何用,必然处处受限。)

  Displacement:

  Itmeans that human languages enable their users to symbolize objects, events and concepts which are not present (in time and space) at the moment of communication.

  移位性指人类语言可以让使用者来表示在说话当时当地并不存在的物体、事件和观点。

  (“你存在我深深脑海里”,尽管你不在我的大脑里23333,就是这么傲娇)

  Culturaltransmission:

  Languageis not biologically transmitted. Instead, it is culturally transmitted from generation to generation through teaching and learning.

  文化传递性:语言不是靠遗传,而是通过教/学,人们世代文化传承。

  (学语言脱离文化的小伙伴,你们是在逼着老师自导自演吗。事半功倍一定是加大目标语言文化接触的)

  Interchangeability:

  Itmeans thatanyhumanbeingcanbebothaproducerandareceiver ofmessage.

  互换性指任何人既可以是信息发出者,也可以是信息的接收者。

  (自从no can do这样的中式词汇进驻牛津字典,我只能暗暗称赞我天朝之强大了,不仅自创还影响他语发展)

  4不是4感觉瞬间醍醐灌顶?

  (哦,不是呀。。。886)

  以上就是新东方在线托福网为你带来的托福英语:语言习得连连看(语言学篇),更多精彩敬请关注新东方在线托福网。

本文关键字: 托福英语 语言习得 文化

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