托福阅读词汇解析(52)

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　　TPO20

　　上篇

　　Passage 1

　　Headword

　　Synonym

　　汉译

　　Antonym

　　migration

　　travel

　　迁移

　　Settle

　　Whether you are performing an operating system upgrade as part of themigration, or only migrating a cell, you should now have an idea of what options you have available and how to begin.

　　expansion

　　growth

　　扩张

　　Contraction

　　This allows the user greater flexibility in planning for server consolidation orexpansion by having the option of adding more users or additional applications.

　　agriculture

　　农业

　　“Russia should deal with our own problem – lack of infrastructure, development in Siberia and the Far East, more emphasis on agriculture and development of agricultural food processing,” he said.

　　livestock

　　牲畜

　　Her latest book, Animals Make Us Human, is an amazing tour de force of animal–human relationships, with chapters on our companion animals, as well as on livestock, wildlife, and zoos.

　　cultivation

　　growing

　　耕种

　　She said in a press release that high prices for palm oil and rubber means these crops can be profitable and that using land with low original biomass makes their cultivation environmentally feasible.

　　wheat

　　小麦

　　The high prices for corn – while driving hunger in Africa – have encouraged other farmers to turn over land from wheat, soybeans, or even pasture to corn production.

　　corn

　　玉米

　　I know we think that food corporations think more about themselves than they do about others when they decide to put partially hydrogenated oils and high fructose corn syrup in our foods.

　　tobacco

　　烟草

　　If a government allows the advertising and widespread sales of tobacco, alcohol and processed food, surely it should also offer help in controlling or curbing excess use from addiction?

　　cotton

　　棉花

　　But now fast fashion, the cheap way to keep your wardrobe full, is coming to an end, as low cotton prices have risen thanks to disastrous harvests in Asia.

　　transportation

　　transport

　　交通运输

　　This year, the school added a new master’s program in transportation design, one of only a few in the country, that will combine business classes with design.

　　self-sufficient

　　self-sustaining

　　自给自足的

　　We were the awe and envy of mankind, the self-sufficient republic, maker of half of the armaments produced by all the nations in World War II.

　　commodity

　　product

　　商品

　　As the world economy continues its recovery from the crisis, commodity prices will continue to rise again, with or without speculators.

　　spectacularly

　　impressive

　　壮观的、引人注目的

　　humble, unnoticeable

　　However, he does not fully acknowledge that some problems do, in fact, require government intervention—especially because markets themselves can sometimes fail spectacularly.

　　emigration

　　移民

　　Economists say this may understate the problem, with participation rates falling as people go back to education and the country sees a return to large-scaleemigration.

　　peak

　　top

　　最高点

　　You could also sample the number of transactions per second and adjust this parameter to accommodate the peak number of transactions per second (or some large percentage of it).

　　whereas

　　however

　　然而

　　Whereas we tend to view it as an intruder, a stranger, certainly an organ whose powers need to be limited or defined and constrained, the Chinese don’t see the state like that at all.

　　settler

　　immigrant

　　移民者、移居者

　　The college displays an Israeli flag in every classroom and requires all students to take at least one course on Judaism or Jewish heritage, usually overseen bysettler rabbis.

　　artisan

　　craftsman

　　工匠

　　San Francisco is at the center of a new wave of artisan chocolatiers and this three-hour guided tour lets travelers sample local flavors and receive tips on tasting.

　　draw

　　attract

　　吸引

　　By this I mean that the content must draw in others in some way (who then contribute as well).

　　characteristic

　　feature

　　特点

　　They said the paint used was also characteristic of that period, as was the intricate and costly style of the lace ruff worn by the man in the portrait.

　　remarkable

　　unusual

　　非凡的;举世瞩目的

　　And, more remarkable, once you did, have you any idea how come this sentence breaks the rules but read it you still can?

　　ancestor

　　祖先

　　Descendent

　　If you must use descendant selectors, prefer child selectors, which at least only require evaluation of one additional node, not all the intermediate nodes up to an ancestor.

　　religious

　　宗教的

　　We also agreed to a next round of this dialogue to be held in China in 2011, and we are discussing further expert discussions both on religious freedom issues and labor.

　　political

　　政治的

　　So I think in this event sport should be number one and then only after through sport put some political pressure or one or other government, " said Sekla.

　　crisis

　　the worst point

　　危机

　　At this point, such claims have no bearing on the mortgage or housing crisis; they have bearing only on the holders of these securities themselves.

　　drive

　　驱赶

　　If you have any data on that drive NOW would be a good time to back it up.

　　thereafter

　　afterwards

　　从那时以后

　　Thereafter, when a bee encounters a desirable scent, its reflexes cause it to extend its proboscis or tongue to lap up the nectar – a reflex that scientists are easily able to measure.

　　lack

　　缺乏

　　If they are dependent on your energy of kindness and support to feel good, how will they ever face up to their own lack of kindness and support towards themselves?

　　bind

　　tie

　　绑, 约束

　　What it does is bind all kernel threads in a process to a processor, which has the effect of forcing these threads to be run on that specific processor, until they are unbound.

　　stratified

　　分为不同等级的

　　Equal

　　What Tucker tellingly described as the environmentalists’ “aristocratic” vision called for a stratified, terraced society in which the knowing ones would order society for the rest of us.

　　occupation

　　job

　　职业

　　Yet most who have served come away with a favorable experience, have been more diverse in age and occupation than anticipated and claim to have understood all or almost all of the proceedings.

　　status

　　position

　　地位

　　This horizontal isolation of the application provides the capability of the application to continue processing requests regardless of the running status of any one particular server.

　　inherit

　　继承、遗传

　　He found himself about to lose the family home and, after a specific clause expired in his insurance policy, he took his own life so his family would inherita great deal of money.

　　rigid

　　strict

　　严格的

　　Flexible

　　Senior IT management declares that all IT professionals must follow and conform to a common set of standards and guidelines, then puts a rigid review process in place to ensure compliance.

　　inveterately

　　根深蒂固地

　　He wrote memoirs but, like a jazzman improvising on a theme, wandered offinveterately after other people: "An accidental shove on a crowded Loop corner, while awaiting the change in traffic lights;"

　　rootless

　　居无定所的

　　Researchers think that humble algae, which are simple, rootless plants that normally provide food for aquatic animals, could lead be a revolutionary tool in the battle against climate change.

　　restless

　　不安分的

　　The restless energy of the "mischief night" found expression in new surroundings: rowdy boys knocked down fences, tipped over outhouses, and wreaked other havoc.

　　ambitious

　　有野心的

　　We are the only power with a network of strong alliances in the region, no territorial ambitions, and a long record of providing for the common good.

　　trait

　　feature, characteristic

　　特点

　　Students from disadvantaged backgrounds may benefit from exposure to this way of carrying oneself—a trait that may be particularly in evidence at the top colleges.

　　nomadic

　　游牧的

　　A curator tells me they once belonged to high-ranking members of an earlynomadic community, and had been excavated from an ancient burial ground in northern Tuva.

　　daring

　　bold, brave

　　勇敢的

　　Timid

　　Walking on this path and daring to finally cross the bridge to my soul for good, not just temporarily, like with the help of my songs, that is the actual initiation rite of becoming a human being.

　　fringe

　　edge

　　边缘、边界

　　And the protests are not just a fringe phenomenon.

　　alluvial

　　冲积的

　　Over 3 billion years ago, when the climate on Mars was much wetter, a channel breached the crater's rim and carved deep gullies into its sides, leaving behind large fan-shaped alluvial deposits.

　　fecund

　　fertile

　　肥沃的

　　Barren

　　Found in the Eastern side of the US, this butterfly often produces two or three batches of eggs each year which puts it among the more fecund of butterflies.

　　loam

　　壤土

　　Mr Magdalena placed seeds and seedlings in pots of loam in small containers of warm water, which kept the water at the same level as the top of the soil.

　　prairie

　　大草原;牧场

　　Is it not wonderfully sexy the way our grandmothers, those women of theprairie, or concrete canyons, would braid their hair up in the morning and let their cowboys unravel them at night?

　　tempt

　　attract

　　诱惑;吸引

　　An alternative, proposed by the advocacy group Knowledge Ecology International, among others, is to create a multi-million dollar prize fund totempt companies into joining the pool.

　　sterile

　　barren

　　贫瘠的

　　Fertile

　　Some immunologists believe that children now growing up in hyperclean,sterile environments are failing to develop immune systems properly because of inadequate exposure to bacteria.

　　plague

　　使……苦恼

　　The authors argue the version of the disease that caused the medieval plagueis likely extinct, but suggest that further study could reveal how it may have evolved into a less virulent strain.

　　depletion

　　reduction

　　消耗

　　The depletion, deterioration and exhaustion of resources and the deterioration of the environment have become serious bottlenecks constraining economic and social development.

　　proliferation

　　increase, expansion

　　增殖、扩散

　　“Whether we’re battling piracy, or the menace of terrorism, or the prospect of weapons proliferation, we must be prepared to address new dangers regardless of where they originate,” she added.

　　negotiate

　　discuss

　　谈判;交涉

　　"Some seem to believe that we should negotiate with the terrorists and radicals, as if some ingenious argument will persuade them they have been wrong all along, " said Mr. Bush.

　　due

　　到期的

　　Obviously, you never want your system to crash but, if it does, you want it to bedue to a hardware failure and nothing that you did or forgot to do as the systems administrator.

　　presage

　　predict

　　预示

　　Martin's departure is therefore momentous and historic, but may also presagechanges to the post, one with which the British public is largely unfamiliar.

　　turnpike

　　收费高速公路

　　She asked the turnpike-keeper if she might deposit her things at his house for a while, and, on his offering no objection, she dismissed her carriage, and went on to the village alone by a back lane.

　　revolution

　　complete change

　　革命

　　While everyone is focusing on the war in Libya, the revolution is still playing out in Egypt — a vital fact that its neighbors and other nations should not forget.

　　specialization

　　专业化

　　Generalization

　　A corporation can have a series of DTDs that represent a consistent set of information descriptions, each of which emphasizes the value of specializationfor those new information types.

　　steamboat

　　汽船

　　After the general's first victory, New York political leader Thurlow Weed happened to meet Taylor's brother on a Hudson River steamboat. That meeting had a most important effect on future events.

　　flatboat

　　平底船

　　Huck was sitting on the gunwale of a flatboat, listlessly dangling his feet in the water and looking very melancholy.

　　keelboat

　　平底货船

　　As it's name implies, keelboat has a keel to help it go straight in the water. Keelboat is a large, heavy, stable, and multi-people controlled boat that is more suitable on long distance sailing.

　　supersede

　　replace

　　取代

　　Will multiple versions of the same application run concurrently, or does a new version supersede an older version?

　　freight

　　goods

　　货物

　　But it might postpone some of the dizzier schemes, such as one to build afreight line across mountainous northern Colombia to rival the Panama canal.

　　propel

　　推动、驱动

　　Mechanical pencils can be divided into two basic types: those that both hold the lead and actively propel it forward during use, and those that only hold the lead in position against gravity.

　　canal

　　运河

　　The adult male sea lion, which was found about a half-mile from the nearestcanal, rested on the back of a highway patrol cruiser while officers waited for a marine rescue team to pick up the animal.

　　divert

　　change direction

　　转移

　　Otherwise it will divert resources where they’re needed.

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