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新托福阅读背景知识:Lava

2018-08-14 11:27:34来源:网络

  托福阅读中,影响大家阅读速度的,其实还是对文章的理解,对于一些专业性比较强或者偏门的文章,会大大影响我们的速度和做题的时间的。因此在备考的过程中,大家可以多了解一些相关的背景知识,供大家参考。

【点击查看新托福阅读背景知识汇总】

  Lava

  Lava is magma that breaks the surface and erupts from a volcano. If the magma is very fluid, it flows rapidly down the volcano’s slopes. Lava that is stickier and less fluid moves slower. Lava flows that have a continuous, smooth, ropy, or billowy surface are called pahoehoe (pronounced path HOH eel hob eel) flows; while a (pronounced ah ah) flows have a jagged surface composed of loose, irregularly shaped lava chunks. Once cooled, pahoehoe forms smooth rocks, while a a forms jagged rocks. The words pahoehoe and a are Hawaiian terms that describe the texture of the lava. Lava may also be described in terms of its composition and the type of rock it forms. Basalt, andesitic, decides, and hyalite is all different kinds of rock that form from lava. Each type of rock, and the lava from which it forms, contains a different amount of the compound silicon dioxide. Basaltic lava has the least amount of silicon dioxide, andesitic and deictic lava have medium levels of silicon dioxide, while holistic lava has the most.

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