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托福综合写作练习题:环保材料乙醇

2017-09-15 19:08:00来源:网络

  二、托福综合写作听力材料:

  Ethanol actually is a good alternative togasoline although you just read three reasons why it is not a good alternative.Not one of these three reasons is convincing.

  虽然阅读部分说乙醇燃料不是汽油很好的代替品,但是事实上是可以很好代替汽油的。阅读部分给出的三个理由都是没有说服力的。

  First, the increased use of ethanol willnot add to global warming. It is true that when ethanol is burned, it releasescarbon dioxide into the atmosphere. But as you read, ethanol was often made fromplants such as corn. Well, the process of growing the plants counteracts thisrelease of carbon dioxide. Let me explain. Every growing plant absorbs carbondioxide from the air as a part of its nutrition. So, growing plants for ethanolproduction actually removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.

  首先,提高对乙醇燃料的使用不会导致全球变暖。诚然,燃烧乙醇燃料的时候是会向空气中排放二氧化碳。但是,就像在阅读部分看到的,通常来说乙醇燃料是由玉米之类的作物制造的。恩,这些作物生长的过程中可以抵消掉乙醇燃料燃烧所释放的二氧化碳的。我来解释一下。所有作物在生长的过程中都会吸收空气中的二氧化碳作为养料。所以,为制造乙醇燃料而种植的作物事实上可以吸收乙醇燃料排放到空气中的二氧化碳。

  Second, large scale production of ethanoldoes not have to reduce the source of food for animals. That is because we canproduce ethanol using cellulose. Cellulose is the main component of plants’cell walls, and you find most cellulose in those parts of plants that are noteaten by animals. So, since we can produce ethanol from the plant parts thatare not eaten, the amount of animals feed that is available will not bereduced.

  第二,大量生产乙醇燃料不会减少畜牧业的饲料供应。这是因为我们用纤维素制造乙醇燃料。纤维素是植物细胞壁的主要组成成分,而且多数作物富含纤维素的部分都是家畜不食用的。所以,鉴于我们是使用家畜不食用的部分来制造乙醇燃料的,那么家畜可使用的饲料不会减少。

  Third, in the future, ethanol will be ableto compete with gasoline in term of price. It is true that the governmentsubsidies make up ethanol is cheaper than it would normally be, but thissupport would not always be needed. Once enough people start buying ethanol,ethanol producers will increase their production of ethanol. Generally,increased production of a product leads to a drop in its price, so the price ofethanol will go down as more of it becomes available. Study shows that ifethanol production could be three times greater than it is now, the cost ofproducing a unit of ethanol would drop by forty percent.

  第三,在未来,乙醇燃料可以在价格上同汽油竞争的。确实,现在政府的补贴政策使得乙醇燃料的价格比实际要低,但是这样的补贴政策不需要一直存在。一点有足够多的人购买乙醇燃料,那么乙醇燃料的制造商将会更多地生产。一般来说,对某产品的生产增多会导致价格下降,所以当乙醇燃料的产量增加之后,价格也会随之下降。研究表明如果乙醇燃料产品的产量增加三倍,那么每个单位乙醇燃料的价格将会下降40%。

  三、托福综合写作听力笔记:

  Main point: 三个理由都没有说服力

  Sub point one: 乙醇燃料虽然会产生二氧化碳,但是制造乙醇燃料的作物在生长的过程中会吸收二氧化碳

  Sub point two: 生产乙醇燃料使用的是动物不食用的部分,不会影响动物的饲料供应

  Sub point three: 乙醇燃料的价格会在使用量增大后下降


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