托福TPO阅读词汇：the origins of theater

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　　Speculation 思索;推测;投机

　　There was widespread speculation that she was going to resign. 人人纷纷推测她将辞职。

　　He made his money in property speculation. 他靠地产投机发了财。

　　Concrete 具体的;混凝土

　　We should make a concrete analysis of each specific question. 对于每个具体问题要进行具体分析。

　　The front of the house was faced with concrete. 房屋正面涂着一层混凝土。

　　Myth 神话;杜撰出来的人和事

　　Nobody believes in the myth about human beings becoming immortals. 谁也不相信人能成仙的神话。

　　The story is a pure myth. 这故事纯属虚构。

　　Rite 仪式

　　Alexander wore black for the rite. 亚历山大穿黑衣服参加了那个仪式。

　　Ritual 仪式;典礼

　　Many of the tribe's customs and rituals are as old as the hills.这部落的许多风俗、仪式都极其古老。(as old as the hills古老)

　　They were there to take part in a ritual act of concord. 他们在此参加这个友好的仪式。(concord和谐)

　　Perceive 察觉;注意到

　　She has perceived the danger. 她已察觉到危险了。

　　We can perceive his sorrow by the looks on his face. 我们从他的表情中察觉出悲伤。

　　Summarize 概括

　　He summarized the book in ten pages. 他用十页概括了这本书。

　　To summarize, simplicity is the best art. 总之，简洁是最好的艺术。

　　I will summarize what I have done. 我将概述我所做的事情。

　　Supernatural 超自然的;超自然的现象

　　Ghosts and evil spirits are supernatural. 幽灵和恶鬼都是超自然的。

　　I don't believe in the supernatural. 我不相信超自然现象。

　　Pantomime 哑剧;童话剧

　　The actor is skilled in pantomime. 这个演员擅长表演哑剧。

　　The audience roared with laugher at the pantomime. 观众被哑剧逗得哈哈大笑。(roar大笑)

　　The children were very excited by the pantomime. 孩子看了童话剧非常兴奋。

　　Sophisticated 老练的;精密的;尖端的;高雅的

　　Mr. Smith is a sophisticated world traveler. 史密斯先生是一位老练的环球旅行家。

　　This is a very sophisticated machine. 这是一台非常精密的机器。

　　Divorce 离婚;分离;与...离婚

　　Divorce is on the increase. 离婚不断增多。

　　None of us like the divorce of word and deed. 我们都不喜欢言行不一。

　　She divorced him after years of unhappiness. 经过多年的不愉快, 她跟他离婚了。

　　Autonomous 独立自主的;自治的

　　Each of the U.S. states has an autonomous government. 美国的每个州都有一个自治政府。

　　The former Soviet Union is formed of several autonomous republic. 前苏联是由数个自治共和国组成的。

　　Aesthetic美学的;审美的;悦目的;雅观的

　　My aesthetic standards are quite different from his. 我的审美标准与他的大不相同。

　　That armchair is comfortable but not very aesthetic. 那张扶手椅坐起来舒服，但不太美观。

　　Efficacious 有效的;灵验的

　　The medicine is efficacious against heart disease. 这种药对预防心脏病有效。

　　The medicine is efficacious in stopping a cough. 这种药在止咳方面很灵验。

　　Elaborate 详细说明;精心设计的(这个词既可以是动词也可以是形容词)

　　You understand the situation; I needn't elaborate any further. 你对情况是了解的, 我不必再进一步详谈。

　　Please elaborate your points. 请就你的观点详加说明。

　　It's an elaborate design. 这是一种精心的设计。

　　Narrator 讲解员，叙述者

　　The stroy’s narrator is an actress in her late thirties. 故事的叙述者是位年近四十的女演员。

　　Bad pronunciation is a liability in being a narrator. 不良的发音是做解说员的不利条件。(liability在这里是不利条件的意思)

　　Impersonation 扮演;体现;典型

　　In her habits, she was a living impersonation of order, method, and exactness. 她的生活习惯活生生地体现了井井有条，按部就班和精密细致的工作。

　　Imitation 模仿;仿制品

　　Young children learn how to speak by imitation. 儿童通过模仿学说话。

　　It's not real leather; it's only an imitation. 那不是真皮, 只不过是仿制品。

　　Antecedent 先例;在前的;在先的

　　His mechanical calculating engines were the antecedents of the modern computer. 他的机械计算机是现代电子计算机的雏形。

　　Those were events antecedent to the revolution. 这些都是革命前的事了。

　　Fulfill 履行

　　If you make a promise you should fulfill it. 如果你许诺了，你就要履行它。

　　We must fulfill the plan, whatever happens. 无论如何要完成计划。

　　Imitative 模仿的;仿效的

　　His style of public speaking is imitative of the prime minister. 他的演讲风格是模仿首相的。

　　Babies of eight to twelve months are generally highly imitative. 八到十二个月大的婴儿通常很爱模仿。

　　Reshape 改造;重塑

　　We convert him, and we capture his inner mind, we reshape him. 我们要改造他，从思想上把他争取过来，让他脱胎换骨。

　　Hey, reshape your hair, please. 嘿，请你再理一下你的头发。

　　Encounter 遇到;碰见

　　I had a frightening encounter with a poisonous snake. 我曾意外地遇到过一条蛇，吓得我要命。

　　In all likelihood he would encounter no one here. 十有八九，在这里也不会遇见熟人的。

　　Objectify 具体化

　　You should objectify your work so that the staff would know what they should do. 你应该使工作具体化，以便员工能明白他们应该做什么。

　　Many bosses objectify their employees, forgetting they are important to the company. 很多老板把他们的员工当作物品，忘记了他们对公司来说很重要。

　　Whereby 借以;靠那个

　　Whereby shall we know her? 我们靠什么认出她呢?

　　Whereby I saw that he was angry. 由那一点我看出他生气了。

　　Whereby shall I know this? 我怎么才能知道这个呢?

　　Penchant 爱好;偏爱

　　She has a penchant for champagne. 她酷爱香槟酒。

　　She has a penchant for Indian food. 她爱吃印度食物。

　　He seems to have a penchant for my children. 他似乎很喜欢我的孩子们。

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