托福写作高分范文：人们买东西并非因为需要，而是因为？

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托福写作题目：

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People buy things notbecause they need them, but because others buy them.

优秀范文：

For years, psychologists have conducted much research on people's conformist mentality, especially on the consumer's market. A controversial discussion emerges concerning people's temptation to buy things. Some experts believe that the motive of consumers' purchases is often intimately associated with others' intentions to buy them rather than their own need. In the mean time there is also a completely opposite voice, defending the notion that the most essential motivation to buy is nothing but necessity. According to my standpoint, people buy things on the basis of need, but may also be easily influenced by others.

In most cases, purchases are made owing to the buyers' basic needs. Just as the economists define, the value of all items traded on the market is primarily determined by people's demand. It is due to people's need that common objects are turned into commodities. A recent survey conducted by the Consumers' Association indicates that 60% of the customers wandering inside department stores orsupermarkets are shopping for goods that they need. Actually, in the eyes of many consumers, no matter how good the quality of a commodity appears to be and no matter how exquisite its appearance is, if it is not what they need, it would become insignificant. After all, not everyone is wealthy enough to take possession of all the good things on display in the market. Only those that are useful prove to be the most worthwhile to the majority of potential buyers.

Admittedly, some consumers tend to follow suit and buy things they might not be in need of. We could naturally come up with the familiar scene in the shops where crowds of people are gathering around to pay for a target commodity. Whenever such a situation occurs, some people possibly could not help themselves joining in this group. Under such circumstances, people seem to keep a blind eye to whatever the others are pursuing. It is the psychological feedback that unconsciously guides them to approach such a hot shopping spot and finally surrender to the powerful trend.

In effect, regarding people's different intentions of buying things, a number of other major factors should betaken into consideration as well. These may include lower prices or discounts of certain merchandise goods in large shopping malls, personal preferences, investment and collection of valuables and so on. Each one of them could make people take out their wallets to pay. As a consequence, in order to avoid wasting money on needless commodities, consumers should strive to form a good habit of rational consumptions. That is to say, in the face of overwhelming purchasing passion of others, one should keep a clear mind and be self-conscious of his own actions.

To sumup, people with different characters may behave differently before paying for a product. Some consumers are blindly following suit when shopping for goods. By contrast, some only buy whatever they need. In fact, only rational consumption is highly desired. Otherwise people would go back home with a large quantity of objects they might not really wish to obtain.

中文翻译：

近年来，心理学家对人们的从众心理，尤其在消费者市场上的从众心理方面进行了大量研究。人们购买行为的诱因引发了颇具争议的讨论。有些专家认为消费者的购买动机通常与他人的购买意图密切相关，而并非出于自己的需要。同时，也有截然相反的观点，认为人们购物的最根本动因不是别的，正是需要。在我看来，人们是在需要的基础上购买的，但也有可能轻易受到他人的影响。

在多数情况下，人们购买是由于基本需要。正如经济学家所定义的那样，所有在市场上交易商品的价值主要是由消费者的需求决定的。正是人们的需要使普通物品成为了商品。最近，一项由消费者协会发起的调查显示，在逛商场或超市的人群中，有60%的人在购买他们所需要的东西。其实在很多消费者的眼里，无论商品的质量有多高，外观有多精美，只要不是其所必需，就变得不重要了。毕竟不是所有的人都富得可以把市场上陈列的好东西都占为己有。对于大多数潜在消费者来说，有用的才是最有价值的。

不可否认，有的消费者倾向于跟风购买一些并不需要的东西。我们会不由地想起商店里熟悉的场景，大群人拥挤在一起抢购目标商品。每当遇到这种场合时，有些人也许会不由自主地也加入其中。在这种情况下，人们似乎对于他人所争抢的任何东西都失去了判断力。正是这样的心理反应引导他们不知不觉地接近如此火热的狂购大潮，并最终在强大的感召力面前屈服。

事实上，对于人们购物的多种意图，我们还应顾及其他主要因素，这包括低廉的价格、大型购物中心某些商品的打折销售、个人偏好、奢侈品的投资与收藏等。其中任何一点都可能使人们打开自己的钱包。因此，为了防止把钱花在不需要的东西上，消费者应当努力养成理性消费的好习惯。也就是说，在其他人势不可挡的购物热面前应当保持清醒的头脑，并且控制好自己的行为。

总之，不同性格的人在购物之前的举动也许不同。有些消费者购物时会盲目地跟风，相反，有些人只买需要的。其实只有理性消费才是可取的。否则，人们也许会带回家一大堆他们原来根本不想要的东西。

注释：

psychologist n. 心理学家

conformist mentality 从众心理

be intimately associated with... 与……联系紧密

opposite voice 反对的意见

defend vt. 辩护

nothing but... 不过……而已

economist n. 经济学家

itemn. 商品;东西

common object 普通物品

commodity n. 商品

exquisite adj. 精美的;精致的

insignificant adj. 无关紧要的;无意义的

take possession of... 拥有……;占有…….

follow suit 照着做

keep a blind eye to... 对……视而不见

shopping mall 购物中心

wallet n. 钱包

a large quantity of 大量的

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