托福综合写作满分范文:电子书

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托福综合写作试题

Writing Basedon Reading and Listening

Directions: For this task, you will read a passage about an academic topic and you will listen to a lecture about the same topic. You may take notes while you read and listen.

Then you will write a response to a question that asks you about the relationship between the lecture you heard and the reading passage. Try to answer the question as completely as possible using information from the reading passage and the lecture. The question does not ask you to express your personal opinion. You may refer to the reading passage again when you write. You may use your notes to help you answer the question.

Typically, an effective response will be 150 to 225 words. Your response will be judged on the quality of your writing and on the completeness and accuracy of the content.

You should allow 3 minutes to read the passage. Then listento the lecture. Then allow 20 minutes to plan and write your response.

Write your response in the space provided.

READING

Online eBooks constitute one of the largest reading sources nowadays. Although they are in some respects similar to the traditional printed books, any internet user can distribute his new book on the internet or make an editorial change in an existing one. As a consequence, many eBooks are authored by unidentified writers in the cyber space. This idea might sound attractive, yet online eBooks have several distinct problems that make them far less valuable than paper-based books.

First, authors of eBooks may lack academic credentials, thereby making their works partially informed at best and downright inaccurate in many cases. Traditional books are mostly written by knowledgeable experts who adhere to standards of academic rigor that non-specialists can never really achieve.

Second, even if the content of eBooks is correct, their communal nature gives unscrupulous users or hackers the opportunity to fabricate, delete, and corrupt some details in the books. Once such changes are made, unsuspecting readers are usually unable to tell that the original text has been tampered with. This will never happen to traditional books.

Third, online eBooks may overly focus on trivial or popular topics, thus leading to a false impression of what is important and what is not. A reader might discover in an eBook that a vital scientific breakthrough receives the same attention as an entertainment show. By contrast, traditional books provide a reasonable view of what topics to include or exclude and contains a sense of proportion that online "democratic" eBooks do not.

LISTENING

Now play Track 10.

Professor:

Online eBooks will possibly never be perfect, but that's a small price to pay for what it does offer. The criticisms in the reading passage are largely the result of prejudice against and ignorance about how far online eBooks have come.

First, errors. It's hardly a fair criticism that online eBooks have errors. As a matter of fact, traditional books have never been thoroughly accurate. If you are looking for a book which is totally free of any minor mistakes, you are not going to find it, online or offline. The real point is that faults discovered in an eBook can be easily corrected without delay. But as for the printed and bound books, the errors remain for decades.

Second, the hacking problem. Many eBook writers have recognized the importance of protecting their works from malicious hackers. One strategy they have started adopting is to put all their writings in a read-only format before they go public. Such a format forbids anybody to make changesto the original text and helps keep the details within the eBooks reliable and intact. Another strategy that's being used is to have special editors whose task is to monitor all the vicious changes taking place and eliminate themin time.

Third, what's worth learning about? The problem for traditional books is that they have limited space, so the writers have to decide what's important and what's not. Unfortunately, in practice, their judgments and decisions may not reflect the vast range of interests that people truly have. But space is definitely not an issue for online eBooks. There can be a wide variety of subjects that accurately reflect the great diversity of the users' interests. Evidently, the diversity of topics that online eBooks offer is one of their biggest advantages.

Question

Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they oppose specific points made in the reading

passage.You must finish your answer in 20 minutes.

托福综合写作范文

The reading passage centers on the writer's complaints against online eBooks. However, the speaker, who recognizes their value, presents his refutation in the lecture.

First, the passage mentions the errors in cyber-based eBooks, while the lecture points out that it is inevitable for any type of books to make mistakes. The professor maintains that flaws found in eBooks could be corrected timely, but those existing in printed versions may be inerasable for long. Thus, the first criticism against eBooks is overturned.

To dispute the hacking issue put forward by the writer, the lecturer indicates that feasible measures could be taken to bring online resources under protection, such as utilizing the read-only format and asking special editors to monitor illintentioned changes. Consequently, eBook authors can well prevent hacker attacks and this further retorts the author's claim.

Last, in opposition to the writer's judgment that onlineeBooks lack in a sense of proportion, the professor lays emphasis on the limited space of traditional books. The limitation makes it impossible for them to reflect people's wide range of preferences. On the contrary, thanks to the broader space available in the cyber world, a larger variety of topics are provided so as to satisfy the users' diversified interests.

(204 words)

参考译文

阅读材料以作者对网络电子书的不满为中心展开论述。然而，演讲者认可了这类书籍的价值，并在演讲中进行了辩驳。

首先，文章提及了网络电子书中存在的错误，而演讲指出，犯错对于任何形式的图书而言都是不可避免的。教授表示，电子书中的错误可以得到及时的更正，而印刷版本中的错误却长期无法消除。于是，对电子书的第一个指责被推翻。

为了反驳作者提出的黑客问题，演讲者表明，可以采取行之有效的措施保护网络资源，如应用只读格式，以及让专门的编辑对恶意篡改行为进行监控。这样，电子书作者就能很好地预防黑客袭击，这进一步驳倒了作者的主张。

最后，据作者论断，网络电子书缺乏比例意识。为了推翻这个观点，教授强调，传统书籍的空间局限性使其无法反映出人们广泛的爱好。与之相反，由于网络世界拥有更宽阔的空间，更多种类的话题可以提供给读者以满足其各异的兴趣。

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