托福阅读长难句解析：名词性从句

2023-05-23 15:18:37来源：新东方

新东方在线托福整理了2023年托福阅读考试时间、题量、分数换算表以及托福阅读备考技巧等内容，今天带来的是托福阅读长难句解析：名词性从句的相关内容，供大家参考！

名词性从句

主语从句

★ that引导的主语从句

【例句】That the seas are being overfshed has been known for years.

【译文】人们知道海洋被过度捕捞这个事实已经很多年了。

★ 在考试和英美报刊中更常见的是it作为形式主语而that位于句末。

1. it is+过去分词+that

【例句】It is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can be by no means compared with these processes, and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special training.

【译文】许多人以为，普通人的思维活动根本无法与科学家的思维过程相比，他们认为这些思维过程必须经过某种专门训练才能掌握。

2. it is+形容词+that

【例句】Furthermore, it is obvious that the strength of a country’s economy is directly bound up with the effciency of its agriculture and industry, and that this in turn rests upon the efforts of scientists and technologists of all kinds.

【译文】再者，显而易见的是一个国家的经济实力与其工农业生产效率密切相关，而效率的提高则又有赖于各种科技人员的努力。

3. it is+名词短语+that

【例句】It is a pity that...

★ whether 引导的主语从句

【例句】Whether the Government should increase the finance of pure science at the expense of technology or vice versa often depends on the issue of which is seen as the driving force.

【译文】政府究竟是以减少对技术的经费投入来增加对纯理论科学的经费投入还是相反，这往往取决于把哪一方看做是驱动的力量。

宾语从句

★ 在及物动词后面作宾语

【例句】What we do know is that as we include longer time intervals, the record shows increasing evidence of slow swings in climate between different regimes.

【译文】我们所知的是：当(我们的研究)包括更长时间跨度的时候，记录显示出不同时期气候缓慢变化的更多的证据。

★ 在介词后面作宾语

【例句】“The test of any democratic society,” he wrote in a Wall Street Journal column, “lies not in how well it can control expression but in whether it gives freedom of thought and expression the widest possible

latitude, however disputable or irritating the results may sometimes be.”

【译文】“对任何一个民主社会的考验，”他在《华尔街杂志》的一个专栏文章中写道，“不在于它能够多有效地控制各种意见的表达，而在于这个社会是否能给予思考和表达尽可能广泛的自由，不管有时候这种结果是多么的富有争议或令人不快。”

★ 宾语从句的后置：动词+it(形式宾语)+宾语补足语+that宾语从句

【例句】You have all heard it repeated that men of science work by means of induction and deduction, that by the help of these operations, they, in a sort of sense, manage to extract from Nature certain natural laws, and that out of these, by some special skill of their own, they build up their theories.

【译文】你们都多次听说过，科学家是用归纳法和演绎法工作的，他们用这些方法，在某种意义上说，力求从自然界找出某些自然规律，然后他们根据这些规律，用自己的某种非同一般的本领，建立起他们的理论。

表语从句

【例句】Women are much too preoccupied by family. Once the marriage begins to disintegrate, they’re lost. That’s where their unhappiness springs from and that’s why most divorced mothers regard themselves as victims.

【译文】妇女对家庭关注太多。一旦婚姻开始瓦解，她们就失去了方向。这就是她们不快乐的来源，也是为什么大多数离婚妇女认为她们是受害者的原因。

同位语从句

★ 名词+连接词+陈述句

【例句】The possibility that mass extinctions may recur periodically has given rise to such hypotheses as that of a companion star with a long period orbit deflecting other bodies from their normal orbits, making

some of them fall to Earth as meteors and causing widespread devastation upon impact.

【译文】大规模物种灭绝会再次定期出现的可能性引起了这样的假想：一个长周期轨道的伴星会使其他天体偏离正常轨道，造成其中一些天体以流星的形式落到地球上并在撞击的时候造成大范围的破坏。

★ 名词+其他成分+连接词+陈述句

【例句】Concerns were raised that witnesses might be encouraged to exaggerate their stories in court to ensure guilty verdicts.

【译文】这引起了人们对下列情况的担心：为了确保法庭给被告定罪，证人可能会被怂恿在法庭上夸大其词。

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