托福写作tpo范文:TPO38综合写作+独立写作范文汇总

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托福TPO38综合写作范文

Both the reading and listening talk about the methods of stopping the spread of P.ramorum. The author of the reading believes that several methods proposed can be used to control the spread of P. ramorum. The lecturer casts doubt on this claim. She says that the three solutions have limitations and will be ineffective and impractical.

First of all, the author mentions that preventing human-assisted spread of P. ramorum spores is effective. This point is challenged by the lecturer. She says that precautions like cleaning shoes and using bike scrubbers might only be slightly helpful instead of making a huge impact. Furthermore, she explains that P. ramorum spores do not spread just through human assistance. In fact, their spores are usually picked up by rainwater and washed into water streams, which then carry them long distances. Therefore, this type of water-assisted spread is much difficult to control.

The author goes on to contend that using fungicidal chemicals can protect the oak trees. The lecturer rebuts this argument. She suggests that only when those fungicides are injected directly into the tree trunks can they be effective. She elaborates on this by mentioning that as the effect of fungicidal chemicals only lasts for a few months, the process of injections needs to be repeated. Also, she clarifies that it will be impractical and very expensive to have this type of treatment in the whole forests with thousands of oak trees.

Finally, the author states that adopting clear-cutting can efficiently stop the spread of P. ramorum infection. The lecturer, on the other hand, argues that some surrounding vegetation is in fact healthy and gets destroyed during the practice of clear-cutting. According to the professor, it is acceptable to sacrifice some healthy vegetation to curb the spread of the disease in some forests. In many others, however, this behavior is not. That is because the vegetation in these forests includes rare tree species which cannot grow back easily. In other words, clear-cutting in these forests would be destroying many healthy, rare trees. This would result in a greater ecological damage.

托福TPO38独立写作范文

The topic concerning leadership never fails to generate lively debate, with a lot of interesting viewpoints being aired. One recurring theme was “leadership is something you are born with; you either have it, or you don’t”. If this is true, it would be a quite depressing fact of life, meaning that the majority of us have no chance of ever developing ourselves into the leaders we wish to be. The good news is that in fact leadership is a collection of skills which can definitely be nurtured.

Admittedly, personal traits may help one on the way to become a good leader. In order to investigate whether there are physical differences between good leaders and the rest, research has been conducted by various groups and organizations. One report, published on the newspaper Daily Mail, mentioned a study carried out by a military academic on soldiers ranging in ranks from officer cadet to major. Brain scanning was adopted and researchers found that it seemed that brains of leaders may possess certain unique features, and concluded that leaders such as Sir Winston Churchill or President Eisenhower are born - not made.

Despite the fact that there is some evidence natural traits might help leaders, it's only a small part of the picture. Even the author of the report said in his article that "The conventional wisdom – that leadership is a skill – remains largely true", so as long as leadership is a skill, it can definitely be learned. There are many ways to progress along the leadership path.

One of the most efficient ways is to accumulate experience. By that I mean it is effective to find a mentor -great leaders are always keen to mentor others. Needless to say, almost all great leaders were once inspired or encouraged at the beginning of the journey of leadership by someone either from reality or from books. This point can be proved by the fact that biography of great leaders would always be a bestseller.

Another crucial method is to try things out and see how they work. Once upon a time, I was paralyzed by the fear of “making a mistake” and it was holding me back. Fortunately for me, I had a boss at the time who was determined to encourage me to innovate without beating myself up when things didn’t work out, and with that backing I learnt to concentrate on making progress without getting too upset when problems occurred. You will definitely make mistakes - it’s inevitable. The key is to take the outcome as feedback rather than criticism, use it and improve.

For future leaders, the message is clear: your natural personality might help, but it's not enough to either make or break you. Gaining experience from mentors and facing mistakes with proper attitudes are often crucial to success.

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