托福TPO阅读重点词汇语境记忆：Orientation and Navigation

　　Starling 椋鸟;八哥

　　原文：He then set up experiments with caged starlings and found that their orientation was, in fact, in the proper migratory direction except when the sky was overcast, at which times there was no clear direction to their restless movements. 他于是将星椋鸟关在笼子里做实验，然后发现了他们的方向。事实上，他们有在适当的迁徙方向，除了天空布满云彩德时候，因为这个时候往往使得他们的骚动不安的活动没有了清楚地方向指向。

　　强化记忆:

　　One of the main starling roosts is on top of the Town Hall. 市政厅的房顶是椋鸟的一个主要栖息处。

　　The starling is now one of America’s commonest birds. 现在这种八哥已是美国最常见的鸟类。

　　Overcast 阴天的

　　原文：He then set up experiments with caged starlings and found that their orientation was, in fact, in the proper migratory direction except when the sky was overcast, at which times there was no clear direction to their restless movements. 他于是将星椋鸟关在笼子里做实验，然后发现了他们的方向。事实上，他们有在适当的迁徙方向，除了天空布满云彩德时候，因为这个时候往往使得他们的骚动不安的活动没有了清楚地方向指向。

　　强化记忆:

　　It became overcast all of a sudden. 天一下阴了下来。

　　The sky was overcast. 天色灰蒙蒙的。

　　Surmise 推测;猜测

　　原文：Kramer surmised, therefore, that they were orienting according to the position of the Sun. 因此，Kramer猜测道，他们时通过太阳的方位来确定方向的。

　　强化记忆：

　　We surmise that the delay is caused by some accident. 我们猜测这延迟是由于某种意外导致。

　　Compass 指南针

　　原文：They seemed to be using the Sun as a compass to determine direction. 似乎他们把太阳作为一个罗盘来决定他们的方向。

　　强化记忆：

　　The needle of a compass points to the north. 罗盘的指针指向北方。

　　The invention of the compass was referred to China. 指南针是中国发明的。

　　Compensate 补偿;抵消

　　原文：In other words, they were able to compensate for the Sun's movement. 也就是说，他们可以适应太阳的运动。

　　强化记忆：

　　Nothing can compensate for the loss of one’s health. 一个人失去了健康是无法弥补的。

　　The firm must compensate you for your traveling costs. 这家公司必须偿付给你差旅费。

　　Precise 精确的;严格的

　　原文：This meant that some sort of biological clock was operating-and a very precise clock at that. 这就意味着，有一种非常精准的生物钟在起着作用。

　　强化记忆：

　　Can you give a more precise definition of the word? 你能给这个词下个更确切的定义吗?

　　A lawyer needs a precise mind. 律师要有周密的头脑。

　　Planetarium 天文馆

　　原文：To test the idea, caged night-migrating birds were placed on the floor of a planetarium during their migratory period. 为了验证这个猜想，这些在夜晚迁徙的鸟被关进笼子里，并在他们的迁徙期放置在一个天文馆里。

　　强化记忆：

　　The planetarium staff also prepared talks for radio broadcast. 天文馆的工作人员还要准备讲稿给电台广播。

　　On his days off, he takes them to the Museum of Natural History or the Planetarium. 休假的日子里，他就带他们去自然历史博物馆或是天文馆。

　　Ceiling 天花板;上限

　　原文：A planetarium is essentially a theater with a domelike ceiling onto which a night sky can be projected for any night of the year. 这个天文馆是一个具有穹顶状的天花板的剧场，并且这些天花板可以放映出一年中任何夜晚的样子。

　　强化记忆：

　　A lamp was suspended from the ceiling. 一盏吊灯悬在天花板上。

　　The ceiling of the cathedral glittered with gold. 大教堂的天花板金光闪闪。

　　Magnetism 磁性;磁场

　　原文：Other areas under investigation include magnetism, landmarks, coastlines, sonar, and even smells. 包括磁场、里程碑、海岸性、声波甚至气味也同样被作为实验对象进行观察。

　　强化记忆：

　　She exudes sexual magnetism. 她洋溢着女性的魅力。

　　This book is about the earth’s magnetism. 这本书是关于地磁的。

　　Sonar 声纳;声波定位仪

　　原文：Other areas under investigation include magnetism, landmarks, coastlines, sonar, and even smells. 包括磁场、里程碑、海岸性、声波甚至气味也同样被作为实验对象进行观察。

　　强化记忆：

　　I’m getting a strong response on the sonar. 我在声纳上测的强烈反应。

　　We picked up two submarines on sonar. 我们用声纳系统观察到两条潜水艇。

　　Contradictory 矛盾的;对立的

　　原文：The studies are complicated by the fact that the data are sometimes contradictory and the mechanisms apparently change from time to time. 由于这些数据常常是相反的并且磁场经常随着时间的改变而改变的事实，使得这些研究非常的复杂。

　　强化记忆：

　　The argument is internally contradictory. 论据本身自相矛盾。

　　We are faced with two apparently contradictory statements. 我们面前的这两种说法显然是矛盾的。

　　Mechanism 原理;机制

　　原文：The studies are complicated by the fact that the data are sometimes contradictory and the mechanisms apparently change from time to time. 由于这些数据常常是相反的并且磁场经常随着时间的改变而改变的事实，使得这些研究非常的复杂。

　　强化记忆：

　　The mechanism of the machine is very complicated. 这台机器的结构是非常复杂的。

　　The economic market is a self-correcting mechanism, that does not need regulation by government.经济市场是一种自动调节的机制，不需要政府的调控。