讲座类托福听力词汇解析:Philosophy(2)

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　　according to

　　根据

　　But, according to Aristotle, this won't work either.

　　amateur

　　adj. 业余的

　　Like most amateur musicians, I only play because, well, I just enjoy it.

　　argue

　　v. 主张, 认为

　　Everyone will agree, he argues, that happiness is the ultimate end to be valued for itself and really only for itself.

　　aim for

　　想要，以……为目标

　　It's something that all people want to aim for.

　　attainment

　　n. 获得

　　The attainment of happiness becomes the ultimate or highest good for Aristotle.

　　complicated

　　adj. 复杂的

　　Here it gets a little more complicated for me.

　　contemplation

　　n. 沉思

　　In the end, Aristotle says that true happiness is the exercise of reason--a life of intellectual contemplation … of thinking.

　　criterion

　　(复criteria) n. 标准

　　The most important criterion for entry is that applicants must design and make their own work

　　distinction

　　n. 区别

　　To get there we need to first make a very important distinction.

　　engage

　　v. 参与; 从事

　　I desire to engage in exercise.

　　extrinsic

　　adj. 非本质的;外在的;外部的

　　Nowadays there are fewer extrinsic pressures to get married.

　　ethical

　　adj. 伦理学的;道德的

　　Does the party think it is ethical to link tax policy with party fund-raising?

　　feature

　　n. 特点

　　But he does give us a couple of criteria, or features, to keep in mind as we look for what true human happiness is.

　　fame

　　n. 名声

　　Many people value fame and seek fame.

　　intellectual

　　adj. 智力的

　　High levels of lead could damage the intellectual development of children

　　intrinsic

　　adj. 固有的，内在的，本质的

　　Let me introduce a couple of technical terms: extrinsic value and intrinsicvalue.

　　in addition to

　　除……之外

　　Some things we aim for and value, not for themselves but for what they bring about in addition to themselves.

　　instrument

　　n. 乐器

　　I just play a musical instrument for fun.

　　musician

　　n. 音乐家

　　He was a brilliant musician.

　　modest

　　adj. 中等的

　　It brings in a modest income.

　　obtain

　　v. 获得

　　True happiness should be something that I can obtain on my own.

　　professional

　　adj. 专业的

　　I'm a musician, not a professional musician.

　　productive

　　adj. 富有成效的;有益的

　　Health is important to me-has value to me,as a means to a productive life.

　　productivity

　　n. 生产力

　　So to some degree I value health both for itself and as a means to something else: productivity.

　　rely on

　　依赖

　　I shouldn't have to rely on other people for it.

　　relate

　　v. 联系

　　How does all this relate to human happiness?

　　raise

　　v. 提出

　　The next question that Aristotle raises is: what is happiness?

　　seek

　　v. 寻找，追求

　　We all seek it.

　　sake

　　n. 缘故;理由

　　We value something not as a means to something else, but for its own sake.

　　theory

　　n. 学说;理论

　　Aristotle's ethical theory.

　　technical

　　adj. 技术(性)的

　　This technical innovation will save us much time and labour.

　　term

　　n. 术语

　　The video explains in simple terms how the new tax works

　　tend to

　　倾向于

　　If I exercise, I tend to stay healthier than I would if I didn't.

　　universal

　　adj. 普遍的

　　There are no economic universals.

　　ultimate

　　adj. 最终的

　　If you could find such a thing, that would be the universal final good, or truly the ultimate purpose or goal for all human beings.

　　vary

　　v. 变化, 不同

　　Most things that are enjoyed in and off themselves vary from person to person.

　　yield

　　v. 产生, 产出

　　What does it yield?

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