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托福听力练习-科学美国人60秒:海洋细菌合作性群落

2017-04-01 16:24:00来源：科学美国人60秒

点击查看>>科学美国人60秒音频：海洋细菌合作性群落

　　科学美国人60秒听力练习：海洋细菌合作性群落

　　科学美国人60秒英文文本

　　As a kindergarten teacher might say, sharing is caring. She might not mention that cooperation is also a great way to form a community, and thus improve everyone's chances of survival. Humans aren't the only ones to apply this strategy—marine bacteria also form cooperative populations, according to a study in the journal Science.

　　Researchers examined the genomes of bacteria belonging to the Vibrionaceae family. In the lab, they grouped together bacteria with similar genetics that coexist in the same micro-habitat. The scientists expected that within any given population, individuals capable of producing antibiotics would use these chemical weapons against others. But when they looked at interactions between different strains of Vibrionaceae, they found that only a few members of any given population could produce the bacteria-killing substances, and the rest of that community was resistant to those particular compounds.

　　But the antibiotics could fight off foreign populations, while leaving members of the home group unharmed. This arrangement implies a bacterial social structure where individuals help the group as a whole. Crayon-hoarding toddlers might want to take note.

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本文关键字: 托福听力 科学美国人

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