托福听力词汇解析:Environmental Engineering讲座类

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　　bacteria

　　细菌

　　APS Digestion uses anaerobic bacteria, ones that thrive in the absence of oxygen to consume, to break down organic material.

　　by-product

　　副产品

　　They want the stimulus and if you want to create jobs then this is a by-product

　　capture

　　捕捉;俘获

　　After you capture the results in an array, you can do something with each line

　　commercial

　　商用的

　　The system was financed with a $400 loan from a demonstration project that has since expired.

　　determine

　　确定

　　I use that service as an example of how to determine what processing to do where.

　　digestion

　　消化

　　Digestion begins in the mouth with the action of saliva.

　　demonstration project

　　示范项目

　　The system was financed with a $400 loan from a demonstration project that has since expired.

　　facility

　　设施，设备

　　As a matter of fact, a couple of universities successfully set up demonstration projects. They collected food scraps from dining halls and local restaurants, and process them in APS facilities.

　　garbage

　　垃圾

　　They fouled the water by throwing in garbage.

　　hydrogen gas

　　氢气

　　The key component in the process is a catalyst -- cobalt metal, phosphate and an electrode, placed in water -- that produces oxygen gas from water, while another catalyst produces hydrogen gas.

　　install

　　安装

　　They can be installed just about anywhere.

　　landfill

　　垃圾场

　　That should increase not just the amount of methane collected but also the capacity of the landfill, since waste shrinks as it rots.

　　methane gas

　　沼气

　　The bacteria break the solids down into acids and hydrogen gas. The hydrogen is extracted, and the remaining acids are transferred into a different container for the second phase of the process. There, another type of bacteria converts the acids into methane gas.

　　organic

　　有机的

　　At the end of yesterday’s class, we were discussing landfills and hundreds of millions of tons of everyday garbage which are deposited into them each year in the United States. It’s a growing problem. Quite simply, we are running out of space to put our garbage, and this is especially true for solid organic waste, food scraps from homes or food processing plants, waste from farms, that sort of thing.

　　petroleum

　　石油

　　The gases are captured and can be burnt to produce electricity, which saves a lot of money, and ultimately decreases our need for fuels like petroleumand coal,which are not only expensive but are also polluting.

　　thrive

　　茁壮成长

　　Your employees will thrive on them, but they need to work out how to meet those challenges themselves.

　　scale

　　规模

　　If researchers can figure that out, the highest-performing bacteria mix for a system could be determined, ultimately, the goal would be to grow enough of these particular bacteria to support large scale commercial APS systems.

　　sludge

　　泥

　　---Sure. So, when waste water is treated, one of the by-products is a thick liquid called sludge, and aren’t anaerobic bacteria used to break down sludge?

　　---Um, the anaerobic digestion systems used in waste water plants are designed to treat sludge,

　　versatile

　　灵活多样的

　　It’s certainly one possibility, and APS Digestion systems are veryversatile.

　　waste water treatment plant

　　废水处理厂

　　Furthermore, it is a feasible way to maximum the reclaim profits of the waste water by district heating and cooling(DHC)using heat pump technology in waste water treatment plant(WWTP)

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