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托福听力练习-科学美国人60秒:火蚂蚁漂浮过河

2017-05-07 09:11:00来源：科学美国人60秒

点击查看>>科学美国人60秒音频：火蚂蚁漂浮过河

　　科学美国人60秒听力练习：火蚂蚁漂浮过河

　　科学美国人60秒英文文本

　　Take a fire ant—don’t forget your gloves. Toss it inwater, and it’ll eventually drown. But throw a groupof fire ants into the water, come back the next day, and they’ll still be floating.

　　Ants are known for cooperative behavior. A speciesof fire ant called Solenopsis invicta originated in therainforests of Brazil. It adapted to the region’sfrequent flooding by building rafts—made up of biggroups of the ants themselves. These allow the antsto float, sometimes for months.

　　Scientists wanted to know how. They collected fire ants from roadsides in Georgia. They placedthe ants in water in groups of 500, 3,000, and 8,000. The ants quickly group together. Half getstuck underneath in a single layer—but there are small pockets of trapped air that likelyprevent them from drowning.

　　The ants connect by gripping each others’ mandibles and claws. The scientists say it’s similarto weaving waterproof fabric. The resulting two-layer raft is cohesive, buoyant and water-repellent. The research was published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. [Nathan Mlot, Craig Tovey, David Hu, Fire ants self-assemble into waterproof rafts to survivefloods]

　　This discovery could help roboticists interested in building self-assembling flotation devices. Orjust satisfy our curiosity about how ants cooperate to stay afloat.

　　—Cynthia Graber


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本文关键字: 托福听力 科学美国人60秒

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