托福听力学科背景知识：图坦卡门

　　想要在托福听力考试中有更好的表现，拿到高分，大家在平时的复习过程中，也要加倍努力。今天新东方在线托福网为大家整理到的是关于托福听力的背景知识，希望通过这些内容的了解，能够让大家更好的来备考听考试。

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　　图坦卡门背景知识 TUTANKHAMUN

　　The most famous Egyptian pharaoh today is, without doubt,Tutankhamun. The boy king died in his late teens and remained at rest in Egypt's Valley of the Kings for over 3,300 years.

　　All that changed in November 1922, whenTutankhamun's tomb was discovered by the British Egyptologist Howard Carter who was excavating on behalf of his patron Lord Carnarvon. His tomb almost escaped discovery and could have been undiscovered to this day.

　　Carter had been searching for the tomb for a number of years and Carnarvon had decided that enough time and money had been expended with little return. However, Carter managed to persaude his patron to fund one more season and within days of resuming the tomb was found.

　　Today, the tomb still contains the pharaoh's remains, hidden from view inside the outermost of three coffins. He is the only pharaoh still residing in the Valley of the Kings - as far as we know!

　　The tomb itself is very small and appears to have been destined for someone of lesser importance. Tutankhamun's unexpected early demise saw the tomb's rushed modification to accommodate the pharaoh. (Colour tomb layout illustration copyright by M. Rigby.)

　　The only part of the complex that contains wall paintings is the Burial Chamber. One of the scenes, shown below, depicts theOpening of the Mouth Ceremony where the senses are restored to the deceased Tutankhamun. In this case the person performing this duty is Ay, who became the next pharaoh. (Photograph of wall painting - non-copyright postcard.)

　　It contained four gilded shrines nested one inside the other. The innermost of these covered a stone sarcophagus. Inside that were three coffins - the innermost being made of 110 kilograms of solid gold. Inside that lay the pharaoh himself wearing the famous gold mask.

　　Innermost Coffin

　　Adjacent to the Burial Chamber was the so-called Treasury which was home to much of the supporting equipment for Tutankhamun'safterlife. It contained a dazzling array of boats, gilded figures and the canopic chest within which were various internal organs belonging to the ancient king. Gathered around the chest in their protective stance were four beautiful gilded figures of goddesses. Just inside the entrance to the room was the protective black figure of Anubis in the form of a recumbant jackal.

　　The Antechamber contained dismantled chariots, containers of food, various funeral couches, thrones, and two black guardian figures at the entrance of the Burial Chamber. It was this area that was first seen when Carter made a hole in the blocked-off far end of the entry passage. A small Annex was a jumble of other equipment.

　　Carter concluded that the tomb had been broken into on two occasions soon after the pharaoh was buried. After each break-in the tomb was resealed by officials of the necropolis. Fortunately, the tomb robbers did not get away with too much and much of the material sealed in with Tutankhamun may now be viewed in Cairo's Egyptian Museum with a few items in the Luxor Museum.

　　Tutankhamun's Life Tutankhamun's Name

　　Tutankhamun's Curse Tutankhamun's Treasures

　　Tour of Egypt

　　Artist's View of Egypt Egypt From Space Postcards from Egypt Egyptian Museum

　　Tutankhamun Egyptian Pyramids Ancient Egyptian Lives Love Poetry

　　Egyptian Glossary Egyptian Chronology Egypt News Desk Egypt Books

　　Egyptian Antiquities EgyptAir

　　Egypt Web Sites

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