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托福阅读例文翻译解析：矿物质和植物

2015-01-15 17:39:34来源：网络

　　Paragraph1: Research has shown that certain minerals are required by plants for normalgrowth and development. The soil is the source of these minerals, which are absorbed by theplant with the water from the soil. Even nitrogen, which is a gas in its elemental state, innormally absorbed from the soil as nitrate ions. Some soils are notoriously deficient in micronutrients and are therefore unable to support most plant life. So-called serpentine soils, forexample, are deficient in calcium, and only plants able to tolerate low levels of this mineralcan survive. In modern agriculture, mineral depletion of soils is a major concern, sinceharvesting crops interrupts the recycling of nutrients back to the soil.

　　1. According to Paragraph1, what is true of plants that can grow in serpentine soil?

　　They absorb micronutrients unusually well.

　　They require far less calcium than most plants do.

　　They are able to absorb nitrogen in its elemental state.

　　They are typically crops raised for food.

　　Paragraph2: Mineral deficiencies can often be detected by specific symptoms such as chlorosis(loss of chlorophyll resulting in yellow or white leaf issue), necrosis (isolated dead patches),anthocyanin formation (development of deep red pigmentation of leaves or stem), stuntedgrowth, and development of woody tissue in an herbaceous plant. Soils are most commonlydeficient in nitrogen and phosphorus. Nitrogen-deficient plants exhibit many of thesymptoms just described. Leaves develop chlorosis; stems are short and slender, andanthocyanin discoloration occurs on stems, petioles, and lower leaf surfaces. Phosphorus-deficient plants are often stunted, with leaves turning a characteristic dark green, often withthe accumulation of anthocyanin. Typically, older leaves are affected first as the phosphorusis mobilized to young growing tissue. Iron deficiency is characterized by chlorosis betweenveins in young leaves.

　　The word exhibit in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　fight off

　　show

　　cause

　　spread


本文关键字: 托福阅读例文翻译解析 矿物质和植物

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