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托福阅读材料：头发的作用

2015-01-22 17:16:19来源：网络

助噩梦患者和创伤后压力心理障碍症患者利用被称为“意象排演治疗”的方法去改变他们反复出现的梦境。

　　After recalling the nightmare in detail, the dreamer writes out the new script and envisions it several times a day. Dr. Harris says one of her patients had recurring nightmares of being surrounded by sharks. She imagined they were dolphins instead and rehearsed the scene during five sessions, and the nightmares vanished. A young patient having nightmares of being chased turned the pursuer into chocolate and ate him.

　　在回想起噩梦的细节后，做梦的人写出新的剧本，并在一天中想象几遍。哈里斯说，她的一个病人总是反复做被鲨鱼包围的噩梦。她想像它们是海豚而不是鲨鱼，并在五个疗程中排演这一幕，于是噩梦消失了。一位年轻病人做的噩梦是被人追逐，他把追他的人想象成巧克力，一口吃掉。

　　'It gives the patient control over the nightmare,' says Dr. Harris. Studies have found that after several sessions practicing with a therapist, some patients dream the new ending just as they envision it, some dream another version of it, and some stop having the nightmare altogether. Can you order up a dream on a specific topic, or can somebody else influence your dreams? Numerous experiments with so-called dream incubation have tried, with mixed results.

　　“这让病人可以控制噩梦，”哈里斯说。研究发现，由治疗师治疗数个疗程后，有些病人梦到了正如他们所想象的新结局，有些人做了另一个版本的梦，有些人则完全停止做噩梦。你能按意愿做一个特定主题的梦吗?或者，其他人能影响你的梦吗?人们尝试过无数所谓的梦境孵化实验，并得到了不同结论。

　　'I can control people's dreams. I can get them to dream about videogames by having them play intensely,' says Dr. Stickgold. His studies at Harvard found that when volunteers played the game Tetris for hours a day, 60% reported dreaming about it at least once as they were falling asleep.

　　“我能控制人们的梦。通过让他们密集地玩视频游戏，我就能使他们梦到视频游戏，”斯蒂克戈尔德说。他在哈佛进行的研究发现，当志愿者一天玩数小时俄罗斯方块时，60%的志愿者报告说他们在睡着时至少梦到过一次俄罗斯方块。

　　In a follow-up study with the virtual-skiing game Alpine Racer, 14 of 16 students reported seeing skiing images at sleep onset (as did three people who were merely observing the experiment.)

　　在一项用虚拟滑雪游戏《高山滑雪》(Alpine Racer)进行的后续研究中，16名学生中的14名报告说，他们在刚开始入睡时见到了滑雪的图像(3位只是观察了这个实验的人也是如此)。


本文关键字: 托福阅读材料 头发的作作用

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