托福综合写作优秀作文练习题：好玩的在线互动百科

　　托福综合写作听力观点：

　　在听力部分，我们可以预测到的就是这三个缺点都是不存在的。

　　The communal online encyclopedia willprobably never be perfect, but that’s a small price to pay for what it doesoffer. The criticisms in the reading are largely the result of prejudice againstand ignorance about how far online encyclopedias have come.

　　尽管在线互动百科永远都不会达到完美，但是总体看还是瑕不掩瑜的。阅读部分的批评更多是来自于偏见和对于在线百科发展进程的忽略。

　　First, errors. It’s hardly a fair criticismthat encyclopedias online have errors. Traditional encyclopedias have neverbeen close to perfectly accurate. If you are looking for a really comprehensivereference work without any mistakes, you are not going to find it, on or offline. The real point is that it’s easy for errors in factual material to be correctedin an online encyclopedia. But with the printed and bound encyclopedia, theerrors remain for decades.

　　首先，关于错误。对于在线百科有错误的这种批评是很难令人信服的。传统的百科全书也很难做到完全精确。如果你渴望一个完全没有错误的综合参考书，你是不会找到的，无论是线上还是线下。而且事实上，在线百科上的事实性错误时很容易纠正的，而那些纸质的百科全书上的错误，确实数十年难有机会改正。

　　Second, hacking. Online encyclopedias haverecognized the importance of protecting their articles from malicious hackers.One strategy they started using is to put the crucial facts in the articles thatnobody disputes in a read-only format, which is a format that no one can makechanges to. That way you are making sure that the crucial facts in the articlesare reliable. Another strategy that’s being used is to have special editorswhose job is to monitor all changes made to the articles and eliminate thosechanges that are clearly malicious.

　　第二，黑客篡改。在线百科意识到了保护条目不受黑客恶意篡改的重要性了。他们采取的策略之一是对于无争议的关键事实条目设置为只读模式，这样就没有人可以修改了。这样可以保证你相信条目里的关键事实是可以信赖的。另一个策略师设置专门的编辑来审查对于条目的修改，并删除那些恶意篡改的内容。

　　Third, what’s worth knowing about? Theproblem for traditional encyclopedias is that they have limited space, so theyhave to decide what’s important and what’s not. And in practice, the judgmentsof the group of academics that make these decisions don’t reflect the greatrange of interest that people really have. But space is definitely not an issuefor online encyclopedias. The academic articles are still represented in onlineencyclopedias, but there can be a great variety of articles and topics thataccurately reflect the great diversity of users’ interests. The diversity ofuse in topics that online encyclopedias offer is one of their strongestadvantages.

　　第三，关于内容价值。传统百科全书由于受到空间的局限不得不决定哪些事重要的，哪些是次要的。然而，在实践中，是由学术团队的判断来决定的。这导致百科全书不能全部反应读者的兴趣和需求。但是对于在线百科来说，空间就不是问题。学术类条目在百科中存在的同时，还有很多种类的条目和内容用来满足用户多样性的偏好。在线百科在内容上的多样性是他们最大的优点。

　　托福综合写作听力笔记：

　　Main point: prejudice

　　Sub point one: never, accurate, corrected

　　Sub point two: read-only, monitor,eliminate

　　Sub point three: limited space, don’treflect, variety

　　本篇范文可以借鉴的模板

　　The lecturer addresses each of the three criticismsof ________________ mentioned in the reading passage.

　　The lecturer admits that _____________, butshe claims that______________. The reading passage, in contrast, pointsto_____________________, presenting the argument________________.

　　The lecturer then__________________. Sheexplains that_________________. In addition, she says,________________________.

　　The lecturer also challenges the finalpoint in the reading regarding the_______________________. She saysthat_________________. Moreover,

　　托福综合写作范文(仅供参考)：

　　The lecturer addresses each of the threecriticisms of communal online encyclopedias mentioned in the reading passage.

　　The lecturer admits that communal onlineencyclopedias, like any reference book, may contain errors, but she claims thatthese errors can be corrected much more easily and quickly than those printedin a paper encyclopedia. The reading passage, in contrast, points to theinaccuracy of information in online encyclopedias, presenting the argument thaterrors in these resources are due to lack of professional knowledge amongcontributors.

　　The lecturer then gives two strategies thathave been proven very effective in protecting online encyclopedias frommalicious alteration. She explains that contents that consist of indisputable factsare stored and presented in a read-only format so that nobody can make changesto them. In addition, she says, there are specialists who constantly monitorcontents online so that they can quickly remove a suspicious change once it isdetected.

　　The lecturer also challenges the finalpoint in the reading regarding the nature of topics covered in onlineencyclopedias. She says that because of virtually unlimited space on theInternet, there is no need to worry about what is important enough forinclusion in an online encyclopedia.

　　Moreover, the greater variety of topics inonline encyclopedias more truly reflects the genuine interests of the generalpublic, even if some of these topics are less serious or academic than those intraditional encyclopedias.