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托福阅读素材:婴幼儿期记忆缺失(社会科学篇)

2015-04-29 12:20:35来源:网络

  疑难词:

  scanty adj. 缺乏的;吝啬的

  distinctive adj. 有特色的,与众不同的

  hospitalize vt. 就医;送…进医院治疗

  plausible adj. 貌似可信的

  infant n. 婴儿;幼儿

  hypothesis n. 假设

  repression n. 抑制,[心理] 压抑;镇压

  toddler n. 学步的小孩

  retrieve v.恢复;重新得到

  explicit adj. 明确的;清楚的

  gist n. 主旨,要点

  长难句:

  1.The better able the person is to reconstruct the perspective from which the material was encoded, the more likely that recall will be successful.

  reconstruct重造;修复

  perspective观点;远景

  encode编码

  句子类型:定语从句

  句子拆分:

  主干:The better …the more…

  Which引导的定语从句:which the material was encoded,先行词perspective,介词from来自动词encoded

  翻译:在资料编码的角度上人们做的越好,对人们回忆起之前的事情越有利。

  2.How might this inability to recall early experiences be explained? The sheer passage of time does not account for it;adults have excellent recognition of pictures of people who attended high school with them 35 years earlier. Another seemingly plausible explanation—that infants do not form enduring memories at this point in development—also is incorrect. Children two and a half to three years old remember experiences that occurred in their first year, and eleven month olds remember some events a year later. Nor does the hypothesis that infantile amnesia reflects repression—or holding back—of sexually charged episodes explain the phenomenon. While such repression may occur, people cannot remember ordinary events from the infant and toddler periods either.

  Nor does the hypothesis( that infantile amnesia reflects repression—or holding back—of sexually charged episodes )explain the phenomenon.

  句子类型:倒装(定语从句)

  句子拆分:

  主干:Nor does the hypothesis explain the phenomenon. Does提前。

  定语从句:that infantile amnesia reflects repression—or holding back—of sexually charged episodes

  翻译:那些假设婴幼儿健忘症反映了孩子们对充满性欲的插曲的压制和隐藏,同样也解释不通。

  3.Through hearing stories with a clear beginning, middle, and ending children may learn to extract the gist of events in ways (that they will be able to describe many years later).

  句子类型:

  介词短语修饰+定语从句

  句子拆分:

  主干:Children may learn to extract the gist of events.

  介词短语修饰: Through hearing stories with a clear beginning, middle, and ending

  定语从句: ways (that they will be able to describe many years later).

  翻译:听故事的时候有个清晰的开头、情节和结尾会帮助孩子们提取事件的要点,并且使他们在过了很多年以后仍然可以描述这些事情。

  文章标题:

  Infantile Amnesia

  A型标题

  文章架构:

  第1段:陈述事实:大部分人都记不起婴幼儿时期的事情

  第2段:对婴幼儿记忆缺失的不够合理的解释

  第3,4,5,6段:对婴幼儿记忆缺失的三个有说服力的解释

  第7段:三种解释看似互相排斥其实互相支持。

  文章题材:

  社会科学类—人类记忆

  以上就是我们今天的托福阅读文章及分析,希望大家可以学到相应的托福阅读背景知识。


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