如何快准狠搞定托福阅读“插入题”？

　　那么问题来了，到底什么才是“插入文本题”的正确解题方式?

　　做题之前，我们先一起了解下，这道题的出题意图是什么：

　　1、考查是否理解文章内部逻辑关系。

　　一般考查段落内部-句子之间的逻辑关系，有时也会考查段落之间的逻辑关系。

　　2、考查是否知道段落间重要的指示词和连词的作用。

　　只有了解起着文章衔接作用的连词的用法，才能紧随文章逻辑。

　　接着要怎么解题呢?

　　例：

　　Look at the four squares ■that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.

　　In either case, the heated water will usually be under considerable pressure, and so may have a temperature that is well above its sea-level boiling point of 100 centigrade.

　　Earth's internal heat, fueled by radioactivity, provides the energy for plate tectonics and continental drift, mountain building, and earthquakes. It can also be harnessed to drive electric generators and heat homes. Geothermal energy becomes available in a practical form when underground heat is transferred by water that is heated as it passes through a subsurface region of hot rocks (a heat reservoir) that may be hundreds or thousands of feet deep. ■【A】The water is usually naturally occurring groundwater that seeps down along fractures in the rock; less typically, the water is artificially introduced by being pumped down from the surface. ■【B】The water is brought to the surface, as a liquid or steam, through holes drilled for the purpose.■【C】
By far the most abundant form of geothermal energy occurs at the relatively low temperatures of 80° to 180° centigrade. ■【D】Water circulated through heat reservoirs in this temperature range is able to extract enough heat to warm residential, commercial, and industrial spaces.More than 20,000 apartments in France are now heated by warm underground water drawn from a heat reservoir in a geologic structure near Paris called the Paris Basin. Iceland sits on a volcanic structure known as the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Reykjavik, the capital of Iceland, is entirely heated by geothermal energy derived from volcanic heat.

　　(TPO-21: Geothermal Energy)

　　做句子插入题主要依赖的是语言线索，所以

　　第一步：仔细阅读待插入的句子，弄清含义，找出其中包含的衔接手段，预测可能存在的 语境。也就是：In either case, the heated water will usually be under considerable pressure, and so may have a temperature that is well above its sea-level boiling point of 100 centigrade.

　　句子中出现“either case”, either表示两者中“或者，任一”，意味着原文必提及两种“case”;

　　第二步：读原文，找线索

　　■ The water is usually occurring groundwater that seeps down along fractures in the rock; less typically, the water is artificially introduced by being pumped down from the surface. ■ The water is brought to the surface, as a liquid or steam, through holes drilled for the purpose.■ By far the most abundant form of geothermal energy occurs at the relative low temperature of 80 to 180℃entigrade.■

　　我们发现原文首句提及“The water is usually occurring groundwater that seeps down along fractures in the rock;”一种情况外，还提到了“less typically, the water is artificially introduced by being pumped down from the surface”这种情况，满足了“两种case”的猜测。

　　于是，我们把待插入句放到第二个小黑框前，检查一遍，逻辑通顺。

　　这道题中我们的解题突破口是一个叫“either”的词，除它以外，还有哪些词可能有逻辑衔接担当呢?

　　常见衔接手段：

　　1.语法衔接手段

　　语法衔接手段主要指代词，包括指示代词和人称代词。

　　指示代词：this, these, it, such, another, that, these, those

　　b. 人称代词：he, she, one, they, his, her, one’s, their

　　c. 定冠词：the

　　d. such, either, same等

　　说明插入句的内容上文有提到。

　　2. 逻辑衔接手段：

　　a. 因果: because, therefore, thus, consequently, so, as a result

　　b. 对比: however, on the contrary, nevertheless, unlike, in contrast, while, although, but

　　c. 递进: furthermore, also, as well, too, other, in addition, moreover, besides, even, additionally

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