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托福阅读素材：Little match children 卖火柴的孩子们

2016-04-06 11:55:43来源：网络

　　Being left behind damages children in many ways. In Cangxi county, Sichuan province, in south-west China, the local education authority (as part of a study) gave eight- and nine-year-old left-behind children video cameras and taught them to film their lives. Sun Xiaobing, who is eight years old, is in the charge of her grandparents, but she is left alone for days on end. She shares her lunch with a stray dog to attract its companionship. Her two days of video consist almost entirely of her conversations with farm animals; she has no one else. Wang Kanjun’s film is about his little sister. The five-year-old girl spends most of her time at home playing with the phone; she is waiting for her mother to call.

　　留守儿童在多方面受到了伤害。中国西南部省份四川苍溪县，当地教育主管部门给八至九岁的留守儿童录像机并让他们拍摄自己的生活。

　　八岁的孙小冰负责照顾她的爷爷奶奶，然而她几天以来却总是独自一人。她把午饭分给流浪狗，与它交朋友。在她两天的录像中，几乎全是她与牲畜的对话;她没有其他人可以说话。王堪军拍的是他的小妹妹。这个5岁的小女孩在家里的大部分时间都在玩手机，等着她妈妈的电话。

　　Most left-behind children are lonely. Many live in rural boarding schools far from their villages because, in an attempt to improve educational standards in the countryside, the government shut many village schools down in favor of bigger institutions. About 60% of children in the new boarding schools have been left behind. A non-governmental organization, Growing Home, surveyed them this year and found that they were more introverted than their peers and more vulnerable to being bullied; they also had “significantly higher states of anxiety and depression” than their peers. Many say they do not remember what their parents look like. A few say that they no longer want to see their parents.

　　大多数的留守儿童都十分孤独。为了提升农村教育水平，政府关闭了许多村镇学校转而支持规模更大的学校，因此许多孩子在远离他们村子的寄宿学校念书。大约60%的留守儿童在新的寄宿学校跟不上学习进度。一个名叫家庭生长的非政府组织今年的调查表明，这些留守儿童比他们的同龄人更自闭内向，也更容易受到欺负;这些孩子比他们的同龄人“更容易焦虑和沮丧”。许多留守儿童说他们无法记得父母的样子。少部分说他们再也不想见到他们的父母。

　　In 2010 researchers at the Second Military Medical University in Shanghai studied over 600 children in 12 villages in Shandong province, in the north-east, half left behind and half not. The difference in the physical condition of the children was minor. But the difference in their school performance was substantial and so was the emotional and social damage to them, as measured by a standard questionnaire. “The psychological effect on left behind children is huge,” argues Tong Xiao, the director of the China Institute of Children and Adolescents. “The kids will have big issues with communications. Their mental state and their development might suffer.”

　　2010年，上海市第二军医大学的研究员研究了山东省东北部12个村庄的600多名儿童，一半是留守儿童，一半不是。这些儿童的身体状况差不多。然而根据一份调查问卷的结果，这些儿童在学校的表现却有明显的差异。留守儿童的情感和社交能力也收到了伤害。“留守儿童受到的心理伤害是巨大的”中国儿童与成人研究所所长童晓说，“留守儿童存在巨大沟通障碍，他们的智力状况和身体成长将受到影响。”

本文关键字: 托福阅读 托福阅读素材 经济学人

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