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托福阅读易错点深度解析之细节为王

2016-04-12 16:41:22来源：网络

　　【例题2】

　　【Paragraph 1】Since 1980, the use of wind to produce electricity has been growing rapidly. In 1994 there were nearly 20,000 wind turbines worldwide, most grouped in clusters called wind farms that collectively produced 3,000 megawatts of electricity. Most were in Denmark (which got 3 percent of its electricity from wind turbines) and California (where 17,000 machines produced 1 percent of the state’s electricity, enough to meet the residential needs of a city as large as San Francisco). In principle, all the power needs of the United States could be provided by exploiting the wind potential of just three states—North Dakota, South Dakota, and Texas.

　　【Paragraph 3】Wind power has a significant cost advantage over nuclear power and has become competitive with coal-fired power plants in many places. With new technological advances and mass production, projected cost declines should make wind power one of the world’s cheapest ways to produce electricity. In the long run, electricity from large wind farms in remote areas might be used to make hydrogen gas from water during periods when there is less than peak demand for electricity. The hydrogen gas could then be fed into a storage system and used to generate electricity when additional or backup power is needed.

　　【Paragraph 4】Wind power is most economical in areas with steady winds. In areas where the wind dies down, backup electricity from a utility company or from an energy storage system becomes necessary. Backup power could also be provided by linking wind farms with a solar cell, with conventional or pumped-storage hydropower, or with efficient natural-gas-burning turbines. Some drawbacks to wind farms include visual pollution and noise, although these can be overcome by improving their design and locating them in isolated areas.

　　Online Test: Electricity from Wind

　　Based on the information in paragraph 3 and paragraph 4, what can be inferred about the states of North Dakota, South Dakota, and Texas mentioned at the end of paragraph 1?

　　○ They rely largely on coal-fired power plants.

　　○ They contain remote areas where the winds rarely die down.

　　○ Over 1 percent of the electricity in these states is produced by wind farms.

　　○ Wind farms in these states are being expanded to meet the power needs of the United States.

　　【正确答案】B

　　【经典错误】D

　　【错误原因】这道题选择D对于很多同学来讲，也是无奈之举。因为出题段落实在太长了，短时间内根本无法找到正确的出路去解答这道题。于是D这个看起来最符合文章大意，最像答案的选项就自然成为同学们的第一选择了。

　　【正确解析】其实，如果同学们仔细审题就会发现，题干里对大家的提示还是挺明显的。首先从infer看出这是一道推理题，而推理的对象来自文章的第一段，但是答案应该得出自文章的第三和第四段。于是我们就自然地找到这样一条解题路径：第一段定位推理对象—明确推理对象性质或特点—第三、四段综合寻找有关细节—将所有细节结合推论。按照这个思路，我们从第一段得知这些州都是适合风力发电的地方，然后到三、四段找到适合风力发电的地点具备in remote areas和with steady winds两个特点(文中都有表示地点的词作提示)，最后将两个信息点结合起来就可以推断出B选项了。

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