科学美国人60秒:揭示人类同蜂蜜的关系-托福听力下载

　　科学美国人60秒中文翻译：

　　You have bees to thank every time you drizzle some honey into your tea. 每次在茶中滴入蜂蜜时你都要感谢蜜蜂的馈赠。

　　And the human-honeybee relationship is long-standing. 而且人类很久以来就和蜜蜂有着千丝万缕的联系。

　　Iconography of honeybees adorns 4400-year-old walls in ancient Egypt. 在4400年前的古代埃及墙壁上就出现过蜜蜂的身影。

　　Rock art has been found that depicts a stone age bee harvest. 人们还发现有雕刻石器时代收获蜂蜜的岩画。

　　But exactly when early farmers began to exploit bees has been unclear. 但古代的农民们到底何时让蜜蜂为自己所用仍不清楚。

　　Those farmers exploited bees for more than honey. 而且那些古代的农民不仅是从蜜蜂身上获取蜂蜜。

　　Research has shown that they also employed the beeswax for cosmetics, fuel, medicine, and to perform rituals. 研究表明他们还使用蜂蜡制成化妆品、燃料、药品并且将蜂蜡用于宗教仪式。

　　Beeswax contains complex fats that leave a recognizable residue on pottery and other archaeological artifacts. 蜂蜡中含有的复杂脂类物质会在陶器及其他考古文物上留下能够鉴别出的残留物。

　　And scientists have now used that beeswax residue to analyze what they’ve determined to be the earliest known human-and-bee association, dating back some 9,000 years. 而且科学家们已经通过对蜂蜡的这种残留物进行分析希望得出人类和蜜蜂的关系最早可追溯到9000多年以前的结论。

　　The researchers surveyed Europe, the Near East and northern Africa. 研究人员在欧洲、近东及北非地区进行了调查。

　　They found beeswax on pottery vessels from Neolithic farming sites in Anatolia, in or near modern-day Turkey. 他们在安纳托利亚、近现代土耳其新石器农耕遗址的陶器上发现了蜂蜡残留物。

　　They also discovered the first evidence of beeswax at Neolithic sites in Northern Africa. 同时他们还在北非的新石器的遗址中发现了蜂蜡的第一证据。

　　And the lack of wax residues in Ireland, Scotland and the Scandanavian peninsula led them to conclude that those locations were above what must have been a northern limit for honeybees. 而爱尔兰、苏格兰以及斯堪的纳维亚半岛未发现蜂蜡残留物使得研究人员断定这些地区一定是蜜蜂的北部边界地区。

　　The study is in the journal Nature. 这项研究已在《自然》杂志上发表。

　　The researchers say that the beeswax residues at these human-occupied sites may be clues pointing to the very beginnings of bee domestication. 研究人员表示在人类所居住过的场所发现的蜂蜡残留物可能表明是养殖蜜蜂的开始。

　　With thousands of years of sweet results for us all. 这表明人类几千年前就已经在享受蜂蜜了。

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