科学美国人60秒:鱼感知捕食者特殊方式-托福听力下载

　　科学美国人60秒中文翻译：

　　A lot of fishermen will tell you that fish have kind of a sixth sense. 许多渔民都会告诉你鱼其实是有第六感的。

　　They avoid obstacles, effortlessly slalom between vortices or whirlpools, and hide from predators—even when they can't see. 它们能避开障碍物，不费吹灰之力的游走在涡流间，还能躲过掠食者的追踪—这都是在看不见的情况下完成。

　　But how do they do it? 但它们是如何做到的呢?

　　Researchers from the University of Florida and New York University think they've found the answer. 佛罗里达大学和纽约大学的研究人员认为他们已经揭开了其中奥秘。

　　Nearly all fish, they say, have a similar network of sensors along their bodies that are exquisitely sensitive to changes in water pressure. 他们表示几乎所有鱼类身上都有一种能够敏锐感知水中压力变化类似的感知网。

　　The report is in the journal Physical Review Letters. 这项研究已经在《物理评论快报》杂志上发表。

　　For the study, the researchers made a plastic rainbow trout with an accurate configuration of flow sensors on its body. 研究人员制作了一种塑料鳟鱼，并在它的身体上安装了非常精确的水流传感器装置。

　　Known as the “lateral line,”these sensors apparently act like a hydrodynamic antenna, picking up signals about the flow of water around them. 就像鱼的侧线一样，这些扮演着水动力天线角色的传感器接收周围水流的信号。

　　They put the fake fish in water, and simulated important real-life situations—for example, a bigger fish swimming nearby that might want to turn the trout into sushi. 他们把假鱼放入水中并模拟出实时环境—比如一条体型较大的鱼游过来想把它当寿司吃掉的场景。

　　The researchers noted that the natural setup of the fish's sensors includes a higher density of them on the parts of the body subject to the greatest pressure changes. 结果研究人员发现鱼类的天然传感器在感受到最强大的压力变化时，会呈现出较高密度的感应。

　　So the sensory awareness of its environment is highly resolved—showing that the notion that fish have a sixth sense isn't fishy at all. 因此这种传感器能感应周围环境—这就表明渔民口中鱼存在第六感一点也不可疑。

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