科学美国人60秒:打哈欠帮助大脑降温-托福听力下载

　　科学美国人60秒中文翻译：

　　This is Scientific American — 60-Second Science. I'm Christopher Intagliata. 这里是科学美国人——60秒科学。我是克里斯托弗·因塔利亚塔。

　　Not many scientific studies begin like this: 并没有很多科学研究像这样开始：

　　"Many hours of watching YouTube clips. Trying to find as many yawns as possible." “长时间观看优兔网视频。找到尽可能多的打哈欠视频。”

　　But for Andrew Gallup, an evolutionary psychologist who studies yawning at the State University of New York, it was all in a day's work. 但是，对于纽约州立大学研究哈欠的进化心理学家安德鲁·盖洛普来说，这是每天的工作。

　　Gallup says yawns have traditionally been known as a sign of sleepiness, or boredom. 盖洛普表示，哈欠通常被认为是困倦或无聊的征兆。

　　"But recent evidence suggests that yawning may function to promote brain cooling." “但是最近有证据表明，打哈欠可以帮助大脑冷却。”

　　The idea being, when you breathe in deeply, the incoming air slightly cools the brain. 思路是，当你深呼吸时，吸入的空气会使大脑降温。

　　And stretching the jaw increases blood flow to the brain too — another cooling factor. 而伸展下巴会增加血液流入大脑——这是导致大脑降温的另一个因素。

　　Reason we do it at night? 为什么我们经常在晚上打哈欠呢?

　　"At night time when we're about to go to sleep “因为晚上我们要入睡时，

　　our brain and body temperatures are at their highest point throughout the day, 我们的大脑温度和体温达到一天当中的最高点,

　　and that's when we see the highest frequency of yawning." 所以那个时间是我们打哈欠频率最高的时候。”

　　And so Gallup and his colleagues found themselves hunting for cat videos on the internet — 所以盖洛普和他的同事在网上寻找猫咪打哈欠的视频，

　　along with clips of dogs, foxes, elephants, gorillas, hedgehogs, squirrels, rats, and walruses yawning. 他们还找了狗、狐狸、大象、大猩猩、刺猬、松鼠、老鼠以及海象打哈欠的视频。

　　They timed all those yawns — 他们统计这些动物打哈欠的时长，

　　and then compared them to each species' average brain weight, and the number of neurons in the cerebral cortex. 然后将其与各物种的大脑平均重量以及大脑皮层神经元的数量进行比较。

　　Their conclusion, published in Biology Letters, 该研究结果发表在《生物学快报》期刊上，

　　was that the length of a yawn was a remarkably good predictor of an animal's brain weight, and cortical neuron number — 他们得出的结论是：哈欠的长度能非常准确地预测动物大脑的重量以及皮质神经元的数量，

　　regardless of the size of its skull, or jawbone. 而且可以忽略掉动物骨骼以及头骨的大小。

　　"What that really represents is that yawning likely serves this very basic, and fundamental neurophysiological function." “研究结果真正表明的是，打哈欠具有基本的神经生理功能。

　　In other words — it helps the brain keep its cool. 换言之，它可以帮助大脑降温。”

　　Thanks for listening for Scientific American — 60-Second Science Science. I'm Christopher Intagliata. 谢谢大家收听科学美国人——60秒科学。我是克里斯托弗·因塔利亚塔。

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