科学美国人60秒:眼镜帮助隐匿超人身份-托福听力下载

　　科学美国人60秒中文翻译：

　　This is Scientific American — 60-Second Science. I'm Erika Beras. 这里是科学美国人——60秒科学。我是艾丽卡·贝拉斯。

　　Got a minute? 有一分钟时间吗?

　　Ever wonder how the citizens of Metropolis somehow could not recognize Clark Kent once he ditched the glasses and became Superman? 你有没有想过，为什么克拉克·肯特摘下眼镜成为超人的时候，大都市的市民就不认识他了?

　　Well, now there's an actual scientific explanation: 现在关于这个问题有了一个切实的科学解释：

　　When a person alters their appearance, even in small ways like adding a pair of glasses, 当一个人改变自己的面貌时，即使是只戴上一副眼镜这样的小改变，

　　it can indeed lessen the ability of others who do not know that person to recognize his or her face. 也可以弱化对此人不熟悉的人对他或她的识别能力。

　　The study is in the journal Applied Cognitive Psychology. 该研究结果发表在《应用认知心理学》期刊上。

　　Psychologists Robin Kramer and Kay Ritchie from the University of York in the U.K. 来自英国约克大学的心理学家罗宾·克莱默和凯·里奇

　　showed volunteers pictures of unknown people—not celebrities. 向志愿者们展示了一些陌生人的照片，这些人并不是名人。

　　The photos came from Google Images, and featured people in various poses, 这些照片来自于谷歌图片，这些陌生人变换不同的姿势、

　　with different facial expressions and changing lighting. 不同的面部表情并且改变周围的亮度。

　　The participants saw two photos at the same time— 志愿者会同时看到两张照片，

　　either two pictures of the same person or a different person in each picture. 这两张照片要么为同一人要么为不同的人。

　　Three possible pairs of pictures were presented: both people wore glasses; 一共呈现的照片有三组：两人都戴眼镜;

　　neither person wore glasses; or only one of the pair of people had glasses on. 两人都不戴眼镜;两人中只有一人戴眼镜。

　　Then the researchers asked the volunteers whether the pictures were of the same person or of two different people. 然后研究人员询问这些志愿者两张照片是否为同一人。

　　When the folks in both pictures were in the same condition—either both with glasses or both without— 当照片中的人物情形相同，即都戴眼镜或者都不戴眼镜时，

　　the participants were about 80 percent accurate in telling whether it was the same person or a different person in the two pics. 志愿者分辨两张照片是否为同一人的正确率为80%。

　　But accuracy fell to 74 percent when glasses were worn in only one of the pictures. 但是，若两张照片中只有一张戴眼镜，那正确率则会下降到74%。

　　The researchers noted that the appearance of the eyes may be the most important aspect of facial recognition, 研究人员指出，眼睛可能是面部识别中最重要的部位，

　　so a change to the eyes could be expected reduce recognition. 所以，眼睛部位发生改变会减少辨识度。

　　But trained examiners, such as TSA agents, may be less fooled by such simple modifications. 但是安全审查人员等训练有素的检查员，不太会被这些微小的变化所欺骗。

　　The researchers concluded their paper by writing: 研究人员在论文的结尾处写道：

　　"While we may still find it hard to believe that “虽然我们仍然很难相信

　　the inhabitants of Metropolis are unable to match Clark Kent with the numerous appearances of Superman in newspapers and on television, 大多数人无法将都市居民克拉克·肯特和在电视以及报纸上经常露面的超人联系到一起，

　　we can at least understand why Kent has chosen glasses as his aid to anonymity." 但是，至少我们可以理解为什么肯特选择戴眼镜来帮助自己隐藏身份。”

　　Thanks for the minute for Scientific American — 60-Second Science Science. I'm Erika Beras. 谢谢大家收听科学美国人——60秒科学。我是艾丽卡·贝拉斯。

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