科学美国人60秒:秋天落叶的时间之谜-托福听力下载

　　科学美国人60秒中文翻译：

　　In Autumn, New England foliage turns vibrant shades of red, yellow, and orange. 进入秋季后新英格兰的树叶会变成红色、黄色及橙色等充满活力的颜色。

　　Which brings in lots of green, 这带来了许多绿色，

　　as in the money spent by tourists who flock to the region to witness the explosion of color. 而且涌向这里一睹这种视觉盛宴游客们的消费也促进该地区的经济发展。

　　Because of fall's economic implications, exactly when the leaf-peeping season will begin is thus a source of constant speculation. 由于秋天的经济影响, 因此人们不断猜测何时才能欣赏这种落叶。

　　Scientists know that factors including frost, heat, rain and drought all affect the timing—but the whole colorful picture is still difficult to accurately predict. 科学家们清楚包括霜冻、热度、降雨及干旱在内的因素会对这一时间产生影响,但仍难以准确预测。

　　Now scientists have picked apart satellite imagery from two New England forest ecosystems collected from 2001 to 2012 to try to get a better handle on exactly what factors influence the autumn leaves. 现在科学家们通过对从2001到2012年间新英格兰两处森林生态系统的卫星收集到的图像进行分析以试图更好的理解究竟是何因素对秋天的落叶产生影响。

　　The scientists looked at northeastern highlands and coastal zones. 科学家们对东北部的高原及沿海地区进行了研究。

　　They incorporated available data on chills, frosts and heat, and rain, drought, and flooding. 他们对寒冷、霜冻，热度，下雨,干旱及洪水的数据进行了分析比较。

　　In general, cold, wet and extreme heat made leaves change color sooner, while moderate heat and low rainfall delayed the coloration. 一般来说,寒冷、潮湿及高温使得树叶颜色更早产生变化,而适度的热量及低降雨会延缓树叶变色。

　　But the different ecosystems behaved differently. 但不同的生态系统有着截然不同的表现。

　　Forests in the highlands reacted to frosts both in spring and in the fall, while the coast only responded to fall frosts. 高原地区的森林树叶在春天和秋天同样会对霜冻产生反应,而沿海地区只在秋天才有反应。

　　The coastal region's forests were also particularly sensitive to rain and flooding. 沿海地区的森林也对降雨和洪水特别敏感。

　　Incorporating climate change predictions for the next century, the researchers propose that the highlands will change color later in the fall, while the coast may start to turn earlier. 而气候变化预测则包含下一个世纪,研究人员提出高原地区树叶将会在晚秋时节改变颜色,而沿海地区可能会更早时开始。

　　The study is in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 这项研究已经在《美国国家科学院院刊》上发表。

　　The researchers note that more data, such as for extreme weather events and flooding, need to be incorporated into future models. 研究人员指出如极端天气及洪水等的更多的数据需要纳入未来的考虑范畴。

　　Which could help New England states maximize fall's economic windfall. 而落叶会为新英格兰各州带来经济上的额外收入。

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