科学美国人60秒:剧烈极限运动易导致血液中毒-托福听力下载

　　科学美国人60秒中文翻译：

　　If you're serious about ftness,you know the importance of training your muscles and your brain. 如果你真的为自己的健康着想，你就会明白锻炼肌肉及大脑的重要性。

　　Without the right prep,you won't have the physical or mental endurance to finish,whether it's a five-k or an Ironman. 如果没有做好准备，不管是五项全能赛还是铁人赛事，你都会没有足够的生理及心理耐力完成。

　　But it turns out that it may be just as important to train your gut—or suffer inflammatory consequences. 但事实证明，锻炼你的内脏也是同样重要—否则你就会遭受炎症的折磨。

　　So says a study in the International Journal of Sports Medicine. 《国际运动医学杂志》上的一项研究也证明了这样的观点。

　　Researchers sampled the blood of 17 runners before and after a 24-hour ultramarathon—where runners covered anywhere from 75 to 130 miles on foot. 研究人员对17位超长距离马拉松赛跑运动员参加24小时超长马拉松前后的血样进行了分析研究。这些运动员能够从任一地点跑75到130英里。

　　During the race,their guts got leaky—due to a lack of blood flow to the intestines,and the physical trauma from so many jarring miles. 在比赛过程中，由于缺乏流向肠道的血液及剧烈运动造成的物理损伤，一些运动员的内脏出现漏隙。

　　Gut bacteria escaped into the blood,where some released toxins. 肠道细菌混入血液，有些还释放了毒素。

　　The runners' bodies then responded by launching an immune response,and inflammation set in. 而后运动员的身体开启免疫反应，从而引发炎症。

　　Some runners actually had blood profiles identical to those of patients admitted to the hospital with blood poisoning,or sepsis. 有些运动员甚至同那些因血液中毒或败血症而住进医院的病人拥有相同的血液指标。

　　But the most well-trained competitors avoided the problem. 但大部分受过良好训练的运动员并没有出现上述问题。

　　Their bodies launched a counterattack,unleashing anti-inflammatory compounds to tamp down their bodies'immune overreaction. 他们的身体发起了抵御，释放出抵抗炎症的化合物以致身体里的免疫过度反应。

　　The authors say just four hours of activity is extreme enough to kick off this chain of inflammation. 这项研究的作者表示只需4小时的极限活动就完全足以开始这种炎症反应。

　　Suggesting it's key to gradually build up to new personal bests,even if they're not ultra worthy. 即使不是超值，也表示它是逐渐达到个人最佳的关键。

　　As has long been said: slow and steady wins the race. 因为老话说的好，稳健扎实必致胜。

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