科学美国人60秒:气候变化和温室气体排放-托福听力下载

　　科学美国人60秒中文翻译：

　　Less than 4 percent of countries are responsible for over half of the world's greenhouse gas emissions. 世界上超过一半的温室气体是由世界上不到4%的国家排放的。

　　Glenn Althor, of the University of Queensland. 昆士兰大学的格林阿特尔说道。

　　This means that the majority of countries are unfairly bearing the burden of a problem that they did not create. 这非常不公平，因为大多数国家要为不是自己惹的麻烦负责。

　　Clearly, this isn't fair by any definition. 显然这并不公平。

　　It's much like a non-smoker being trapped in a room and getting cancer from second hand smoke while a heavy smoker continues to puff away in good health. 这就好比被困在房间里不吸烟的人，因为沾染二手烟患上癌症，而瘾君子们则叼着烟卷，身体健康。

　　Althor and colleagues at the University of Queensland and the Wildlife Conservation Society have just published a study analyzing the contributions to climate change by the world's nations versus the effect that climate change will have on those countries. 阿特尔和昆士兰大学的同事们及野生动物保护协会最近共同发布了一项分析引起气候变化世界各国同气候变化对于这些国家影响的研究。

　　We found that developed nations, such as Australia, the United States, Canada and Russia, are essentially climate free riders, driving the problem of climate change while incurring relatively few of the costs, such as devastating flood, increased extreme weather and rising sea levels. 我们发现澳大利亚、美国、加拿大及俄罗斯等发达国家尽管是气候变化的主要推手，却很少造成毁灭性洪涝、极端天气及海平面上升等严重后果。

　　Meanwhile, the most vulnerable countries, many of which are in Africa or are small island states, produce few greenhouse gas emissions. 同时，主要是非洲一些国家或者小岛屿等的最贫困国家排放很少的温室气体。

　　The study is in the Nature publication Scientific Reports. 这项研究已在《自然》杂志上发表。

　　While it's important that this issue is defined by scientists, it needs to be acted on by global leaders. 重要的是这一问题一旦由科学家定义，就需要世界各国领导人付诸实践。

　　The Paris Climate Agreement, finalized in December last year, was widely seen as a positive step forward in addressing climate change. 而去年12月签署的巴黎气候协议在解决气候问题方面取得了重大进步。

　　However, there must be an urgent and meaningful mobilization of the policies outlined in the Paris Agreement if we're to help the most vulnerable countries adapt to climate change while achieving global emissions reductions. 然而如果要帮助世界上最脆弱的国家应对气候变化问题，同时减少全球温室气体排放，必须即刻、实际并贯彻巴黎协议中的政策。

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