科学美国人60秒:黑猩猩肠道微生物-托福听力下载

　　科学美国人60秒中文翻译：

　　Chimpanzees.They're notoriously social creatures. 这便是黑猩猩。众所周知它们是社会性动物。

　　They snack together, snooze together and work hard to keep each other flea- and tick-free. 黑猩猩同吃同睡，而且还相互协作捉跳蚤。

　　But this simian intimacy does more than just spread the love. 但这种动物的亲密关系传播的不仅仅是爱意。

　　It also helps to spread the bacteria that inhabit their guts—which is a good thing. 而且还能传播在它们体内的有益细菌。

　　That's according to a new study in the journal Science Advances. 这项研究已在《科学进展》杂志上发表。

　　When we think about the germs that get swapped during social interactions, we tend to focus on the bad guys:the bugs that cause everything from Ebola to the common cold. 一提到社会群体中中的细菌相互传播，我们马上会想到埃博拉病毒、感冒病毒等的不利方面。

　　But could togetherness also promote the exchange of health-promoting microbes, like those in the intestine? 但这种亲密无间的关系能否促进像是肠道细菌等健康有益菌的传播呢?

　　To find out, researchers spent eight years scooping the poop from a troop of 40 chimpanzees in Tanzania. 为了一探究竟，研究人员历时8年收集到了坦桑尼亚40只群居黑猩猩的粪便。

　　And they analyzed the bacteria present in the samples. 而后他们对粪便中的细菌样本进行了分析。

　　What they found was that during the rainy season, when food is plentiful and the chimps are more chummy, the apes harbor an increased number of different bacterial species in their bellies—more microbiodiversity, if you will. 结果研究人员发现，食物比较充足的雨季黑猩猩会更加亲密友好，这时它们体内的微生物种类就会增多，带来多样性的微生物。

　　Which could make them more resistant to infections. 而这会增加黑猩猩对传染病的抵抗力。

　　And the chimps' increased microbe load was not due to them all eating the same stuff. 而黑猩猩体内微生物的增加并非吃相同的食物所致。

　　In fact, the more time the animals spent together, the more varied they were in terms of how much fruit they consumed. 事实上，这些黑猩猩在一起的时间越多，它们吃的水果种类也就越多。

　　The researchers say it's thus likely the hobnobbing chimps are indeed sharing the microbial wealth while they're grooming or mating. 研究人员表示这些关系亲密的黑猩猩在为对方梳洗或交配时才将这些微生物分享。

　　Or when they're otherwise too busy to watch where they step. 换作平时太过忙碌的它们才无暇顾及此事。

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