科学美国人60秒:社会压力致众神之城衰败-托福听力下载

　　科学美国人60秒中文翻译：

　　Teotihuacan in central Mexico is an archaeological site, a cultural landmark and a tourist attraction, best known for its pyramids and plaza. 位于墨西哥中心的特奥蒂华坎是一座历史遗址，文化里程碑以及旅游名胜，最为著名的当属它的太阳金字塔以及广场。

　　But nearly 2,000 years ago, it was a powerful urban center, home to more than 150,000 people. 但大约2000年前，这里曾是一座发展强盛的城市中心，是超过15万人的家园。

　　It was also one of the best planned and most diverse of such preindustrial cities 同时它也是前工业化城市中最具规模且最具多样性的城市之一

　　because migrants of different ethnicities streamed in following the eruptions of two volcanoes in southern Mexico that made their own homes less desirable. 因为不同种族的移民在自己的家园遭墨西哥南方两座火山喷发毁灭之后蜂拥来此定居。

　　And as Teotihuacan grew stronger, it attracted additional migrant work forces. 随着特奥蒂华坎逐渐发展壮大，它也吸引着迁移而来的劳动力。

　　These newcomers tended to serve as craftspeople, construction workers, musicians and military personnel. 这些新来的成员们成为手艺人、建筑工人、音乐家和军人。

　　Now researchers have developed methodology to study the remains of one multiethnic neighborhood, using paleopathology, nutritional status and DNA, along with other techniques. 而现在，研究人员们利用古生物病理学，营养状态以及DNA分析等多种技术已经发展出一套方法研究这些多民族社区的遗迹。

　　And they've found that migrant groups appear to have competed amongst each other to obtain high-status goods and to manufacture items in demand by the city's elites. 结果他们发现，这些移民群体彼此之间也曾因为为了获得更高等级商品及该市精英贵族群体们所需的物品制造权而有过竞争。

　　The study is in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 这项研究已在《美国科学院学报》杂志上发表。

　　Study author Linda Manzanilla of the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico 该研究的作者，墨西哥国立自治大学的琳达·玛萨尼拉

　　also points out that the city's rulers controlled the flow of all raw materials coming in to Teotihuacan. 同样也指出这座城市的统治者们掌控着特奥蒂华坎所有原材料的流通。

　　She further suggests that the lower class immigrants' competition with each other, the intermediate elite gaining economic power, 她更进一步指出下层移民彼此存在的竞争，以及同占有一定经济能力中等阶层精英们有过的争端，

　　and the ruling elite's control over raw materials may have combined to contribute to the cultural tension that ultimately led to Teotihuacan's collapse. 还有统治阶层掌控着的所有原材料流通三方面结合造成的文化压力最终使得特奥蒂华坎走上了灭亡之路。

　　Sound familiar? 听着耳熟吗?

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