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托福阅读作者目的题实例解析

2017-09-30 11:32:58来源：网络

　　题目问，作者为什么引用工人的话。工人的话“One mill worker who finally quit complained revealingly about "obedience to the ding-dong of the bell-just as though we are so many living machi nes."”在文章的第三句出现，作为和例子一样的目的，来支持本段的观点句，即第一句，The first generation to experience these changes did not adopt the new attitudes easily.(第一代经历这些变化的人没有轻易的适应新的观点)。所以正确选项应该为观点句的同义替换。正确答案选择A，即支持一种观点，对于工人来说很难调整在工厂工作。B选项里面的工人退出(workers sometimes quit)没有提到，C选项里面的clocks did not have a useful function( 钟表不能发挥有效作用)不对，最后D选项里面说到当工人抱怨的时候工厂最成功，显然是不正确的。

　　但是不是所有的作者目的题，都只是段落的第一句话。每个段落的topic sentence位置不一样，或者说，每个例子对应的topic sentence位置不一样。我们再来看一个例子：

　　Sensitivity to physical laws is thus an important consideration for the maker of applied-art objects. It is often taken for granted that this is also true for the maker of fine-art objects. This assumption misses a significant difference between the two disciplines. Fine-art objects are not constrained by the laws of physics in the same way that applied-art objects are. Because their primary purpose is not functional, they are only limited in terms of the materials used to make them. Sculptures must, for example, be stable, which requires an understanding of the properties of mass, weight distribution, and stress. Paintings

　　must have rigid stretchers so that the canvas will be taut, and the paint must not deteriorate, crack, or discolor. These are problems that must be overcome by the artist because they tend to intrude upon his or her conception of the work. For example, in the early Italian Renaissance, bronze statues of horses with a raised foreleg usually had a cannonball under that hoof. This was done because the cannonball was needed to support the weight of the leg. In other words, the demands of the laws of physics, not the sculptor's aesthetic intentions, placed the ball there. That this device was a necessary structural compromise is clear from the fact that the cannonball quickly disappeared when sculptors learned how to strengthen the internal structure of a statue with iron braces (iron being much stronger than bronze).

　　6. Why does the author discuss the bronze statues of horses created by artists in the early Italian Renaissance?

　　○To provide an example of a problem related to the laws of physics that a fine artist must overcome

　　○To argue that fine artists are unconcerned with the laws of physics

　　○To contrast the relative sophistication of modern artists in solving problems related to the laws of physics

　　○To note an exceptional piece of art constructed without the aid of technology

本文关键字: 托福阅读作者目的题 托福阅读题目

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