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托福综合写作学会筛选核心信息

2018-06-27 12:22:13来源:新东方

  我们通过一篇真实的案例来帮助大家理解如何判定那句话是重点信息。

  Every year, forest fires and severe storms cause a great deal of damage to forests in the northwestern United States. One way of dealing with the aftermath of these disasters is called salvage logging, which is the practice of removing dead trees from affected areas and using the wood for lumber, plywood, and other wood products. There are several reasons why salvage logging is beneficial both to a damaged forest and to the economy.

  First, after a devastating fire, forests are choked with dead trees. If the trees are not removed, they will take years to decompose; in the meantime, no new trees can grow in the cramped spaces. Salvage logging, however, removes the remains of dead trees and makes room for fresh growth immediately, which is likely to help forest areas recover from the disaster.

  Also, dead trees do more than just take up space. Decaying wood is a highly suitable habitat for insects such as the spruce bark beetle, which in large numbers can damage live, healthy spruce trees. So, by removing totting wood, salvage logging helps minimize the dangers of insect infestation, thus contributing to the health of the forest.

  Third and last, salvage logging has economic benefits. Many industries depend upon the forests for their production, and because of this a fire can have a very harmful effect on the economy. Often, however, the trees that have been damaged by natural disasters still can provide much wood that is usable by industries. Furthermore, salvage logging requires more workers than traditional logging operations do, and so it helps create additional jobs for local residents.

  我们通过阅读第一段,发现出现了很多次salvage logging这个词,通过最后一句我们推断,整篇短文在讨论salvage logging的三个好处,同学们要注意最后一句中的这个关键词beneficial,我们接下来就用这个词来判断下面段落中哪一句话是分论点。

  在第一个主体段中,我们发现分论点在段落的最后一句,即清除死去的树木可以帮助森林快速恢复。但很多同学在这里会有疑问,为什么不是分论点不是第一句forest are choked with dead trees。这里我们就要拿出首段的观点句中的关键词beneficial来进行分析,因为整篇文章在讨论salvage logging的好处,而第一句forest are choked with dead trees并没有解释salvage logging的好处,仅仅是在陈述森林中死去的树木很多阻碍了森林的恢复这个事实而已。我们再来看最后一句话,removes the remains of dead trees… is likely to help forest areas recover from the disaster. 很明显这句话是在说salvage logging能够帮助森林从灾难中恢复,即salvage logging的好处。所以我们认定第一个主体段的分论点位于最后一句话。紧接着,我们发现分论点这句话的句式是一个非限定性定语从句,由于此句型通常用于总结,因此往前找removes the remains of dead trees and makes room for fresh growth我们即可发现salvage logging能够帮助森林从灾难中恢复的论据就是帮助新树的生长提供空间。

  下面的两段可以用相同的方法进行分析,这里就不多赘述了,同学们可以自行练习寻找。

  2.4核心信息整理

  在阅读最后,提醒各位同学,一定要讲刚才所找到的核心信息进行良好的记录,这样在听力的过程中才能做到心中有数。记笔记的时候建议大家不要逐字逐句抄原文,毕竟在最后写作的时候你肯定还是会看原文,不会照着自己的阅读笔记写作,因此不要浪费时间逐字逐句的抄。建议大家找到整个句子中的关键词,然后进行逻辑的梳理。对于上面这篇文章,我们就可以用下面的方式进行记录。

  P:SL(+)

  1. SL → space → recover F disaster

  2. SL → insect infestation (eg:SBB)

  3. SL → economical benefits → provide wood→create job

  以上就是为大家整理的“托福综合写作学会筛选核心信息”,更多精彩内容请关注新东方在线托福频道!


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