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2024年托福写作机经汇总

托福综合写作机经试题

　　综合写作 【历史】 【重复 2017.7.6】

　　阅读 听力

　　主题：阿卡德帝国(Akkadian Empire)快速崩溃的原因

　　1. First, rebellions of the conquered city-states were a serious threat to the unity of the empire. The conquered city-states were forced to provide Sargon’s central imperial government with expensive services and tributes (for example, a quantity of gold every year). Many of the city-states wanted to be free of these obligations and rebelled against the imperial government. Frequent rebellions could have weakened the imperial government and could have eventually led to a breakup of the empire.

　　1. 关于城邦反抗中央帝国政府的叛乱，城邦叛军成功抵抗中央政府强大军队的唯一机会是他们在有防御墙的城市内部作战。但这是不可能的。当萨尔贡最初征服城邦时，他下令摧毁它们的防御墙。因此，由于这些城市不再有保护城墙，城邦的叛军在对抗帝国政府军队的时候胜算不大。叛乱很容易很快就被打败了。

　　2. Second, the empire may have experienced serious problems with food supply. For a long time, the northern region of the empire, where agricultural conditions were excellent, was used a source of food for the rest of the empire. However, at a certain point, the north suffered from an extended period of too little rainfall. The worsened farming conditions may have seriously affected the food supply chain and brought down the whole empire.

　　2. 恶劣天气确实会给食物供应带来问题。但是阿卡德人有农业技术来帮助他们在这种条件下生存，他们有灌溉技术，可以让他们把水带到很远的地方。他们知道如何长期储存粮食。即使在相对较长时间的降雨减少期间，它们也可以保持食物供应链的正常运转。

　　3. Third, the Akkadian Empire traded with countries and kingdoms outside Mesopotamia for many important materials, such as metals, wood, or precious stones. However, the Akkadian Empire often tried to use its strength to dominate the trade relationships and impose its own conditions

on trade. This naturally met with resistance: it is reported, for example, that thirty-two foreign kings united to fight a sea battle against the Akkadians. Such resistance may have caused enough damage to the Akkadians’ trade economy to cause the empire’s downfall.

　　3. 阿卡德人不公平的贸易行为确实导致了他们的一些伙伴起来反抗他们。但是阿卡德人一直在寻找新的贸易伙伴。例如，他们派遣商船远至东部的印度次大陆，并在西至地中海的地方找到贸易伙伴。因此，即使他们的一些贸易伙伴的抵抗破坏了一些贸易，导致帝国失去了赖以生存的资源，新的贸易联系也给了阿卡德人获得新资源的机会，弥补了损失。

托福学术讨论写作机经试题

　　学术讨论 【商业活动】 【重复 2024.11.17】

　　Your professor is teaching a class on business. Write a post responding to the professor’s question.

　　In your response, you should

　　• express and support your personal opinion

　　• make a contribution to the discussion in your own words

　　An effective response will contain at least 100 words. You have ten minutes to write.

　　Doctor Diaz: This week, we are going to discuss companies" policies for promotion.Companies tend to value different things and set different criteria fordetermining who deserves a promotion. Criteria for promotion mayinclude employees performance and achievements in their currentroles, seniority within the company, years of experience in the field, oreven leadership potential, in today's post, would like you to discusswhich criteria for promotion you see as the most important and explainwhy.

　　Kelly: I believe seniority should be the most important criterion forpromotion. Rewarding employees who have been with the company fora long time shows that the company values loyalty and dedication.Long-term employees often have a deep understanding of thecompany's culture and processes which can be invaluable.

　　Andrew: I think job performance should be the top criterion for promotions.Rewarding employees for their skills and achievements pushes them toexcel in their roles. When people see that their hard work anddedication are recognized, they're motivated to take the next step intheir careers.

　　范文：

　　I contend that seniority within a company should be considered the most important criteria forpromotion. This is because employees who have been with the company for a longer periodof time have likely demonstrated loyalty, dedication, and a strong work ethic. They haveaccumulated years of experience and knowledge that can benefit the company and contributeto its success. One fact to support this viewpoint is that employees who have been with acompany for a longer period of time have likely developed strong relationships withcolleagues, clients, and stakeholders. They have a deep understanding of the company culture,values, and goals, which can be beneficial in leading and motivating others. Additionally, senioremployees often have a wealth of institutional knowledge that can be invaluable in decision-making and problem-solving. In conclusion, regarding seniority as the most important criteriafor promotion honors the commitment and contributions of long-time employees, recognizesthe value of experience and knowledge, and helps to cultivate a positive and stable workenvironment. Promotion based on seniority can lead to a more cohesive and motivatedworkforce, ultimately driving the success of the comp

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