老托福听力93篇-And as we enter简介

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　　81

　　And as we enter this next gallery, please turn your attention to the statue on your right. It's a bust of the seventh President of the United States, Andrew Jackson. It was done by American sculptor Hiram Powers. Mr. Powers is particularly significant to our sculpture collection here at the Metropolitan Museum of Art. His statue entitled California was the first work by an American artist to become part of the collection at the Met. But back to this piece. When Powers was modeling this bust, he asked the President, who was 68 years old at the time, if he wanted to be made to appear younger than that. President Jackson replied that he didn't; so as you can see, he's shown here with wrinkles and lines of aging etched on his face. Consequently, this bust is considered to be one of the most realistic portrayals of Andrew Jackson. Powers traveled from his studio in Italy to the White House to do the original study for the bust. He did the study in clay, but he sculpted the final statue from fine Italian marble, as you can see. I should add that the usual practice at the time was to get local artisans to do the actual carving of the marble. Note that the President is draped in a Roman toga. This is because in the nineteenth century that was the customary attire for representations of heads of state and other important figures. Powers kept the bust in his studio until after President Jackson's death, when it was sold to the Democratic Club in New York City. It was lent to us here at the Met in 1874 and twenty years later became part of our permanent collection. Now, if you'll step this way, we'll move on to the next piece.

　　【生词摘录】

　　1. gallery: n. [C]展览馆，画廊

　　2. statue: n. [C]雕像

　　3. bust: n. [C]半身像

　　4. collection: n. [C]收藏

　　5. entitle: v. 给…题名或命名

　　6. model: v. 模仿

　　7. wrinkle: n. [C]皱纹

　　8. etch: v. 蚀刻

　　9. consequently: adv. 因此

　　10. portrayal: n. [C]画像，肖像

　　11. original: adj. 第一手的，最初的，原始的

　　12. clay: n. [C]粘土

　　13. marble: n. [C]大理石

　　14. artisan: n. [C]工匠，技工

　　15. drape: v. 遮盖

　　16. toga: n. [C]宽大长袍

　　17. customary: adj. 习惯的，惯例的

　　18. attire: n. [C]服装

　　82

　　If you liked the colorful animals we just saw, you're going to love these next animals: frogs. You might not normally think of frogs as being colorful, but these frogs definitely are. They are the dart-poison frogs of Central and South America. Look at their striking colors, often yellow with black stripes or deep blue with black spots. Beyond being nice to look at, these markings have a purpose. They warn predators that these frogs are poisonous. When threatened, these frogs secrete a substance through their skin that would easily kill whatever animal might try to eat them. Their bright colors communicate this, and so most animals tend not to hunt them. Now, speaking of hunting, for centuries these frogs were sought after by hunters. As you might think, the hunters didn't want to eat the frogs, but rather, they captured them for their poison. They would add the poison to the tips of their hunting arrows. Of course, nowadays most hunters use guns. These days, dart-poison frogs are of less interest to hunters than to medical researchers. Researchers believe that they can make new heart medicine from the poison, because it acts as a stimulant on the body's nervous system. Researchers think they could use it to stimulate a weak heart. There is, however, a problem with doing research on these frogs. Those that are caught in the wild will produce their poison until they die. However, those that are born in captivity, like the ones you see here, will not produce any poison at all.

　　【生词摘录】

　　1. normally: adv. 正常地，通常地

　　2. striking: adj. 显著的，惹人注目的，鲜明的，惊人的

　　3. stripe: n. [C]斑纹，条纹

　　4. spot: n. [C]斑点

　　5. beyond: prep. 除……之外

　　6. marking: n. 记号，斑纹

　　7. predator: n. 食肉动物

　　8. secrete: v. 分泌

　　9. arrow: n. 箭

　　10. stimulant: n. 刺激物

　　11. stimulate: v. 刺激

　　12. captivity: n. [C]俘虏，囚禁

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